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1、PaUO1.nnValnsoosQ.2-qndPolicyResearchWorkingPaper10731MortalityCostsofandPolicyResponsestotheCOVID-19PandemicinCdted,IvoirePZOfnValnsoosQ.2-qndHemannPythagorePierreDotijbuetNdohASbhenSanogoJean-NoelAmantchiGogpuaOpopeOyakaTsbivuilaMatalaAdamaTraoreGastonSo砂。worldBankgroupHealth,NutritionandPopulatio
2、nGlobalPracticeMarch2024PolicyRESEARCHWorkingPaper10731AbstractCoted,Ivoire,thelargesteconomyintheWestAfricanEconomicandMonetaryrUnion,washitbyCOVID-19,whichclaimedmanylives.ThispaperestimatesCOVID-19mortalitycostsovertimeusingthevalueofastatisticallife.Usingamoreconservativeestimateofthevalueofasta
3、tisticallifeincomeelasticityrangingfrom1to1.4,theoverallCOVlD-19mortalitycostsinCotcd,IvoircsincethepandemicrangefromUS$100.4milliontoUS$284.3million.Consideringage-relatedadjustments,a3percentdiscountrate,andavalueofastatisticallifeincomeelastic-ityof1to1.4,theCOVID-19costsrangefromUS$5.4milliontoU
4、SS15.3million.Similarly,theCOVID-19mortalitycostsrangefromUSS6.8milliontoUS$19.3millionwitha5percentdiscountrateandavalueofastatisticallifeincomeelasticityof1to1.4.Moresignificantly,thefindingssuggestthatCOVID-19mortalitycostsstartedtodeclinein2021.Toenhanceprevention,preparedness,andresponsetofutur
5、epandemics,policymakerscouldconsiderallocatingpandemicfundingwithinnationalbudgets.Exploringpotentialpartnershipswithphilanthropicorganizationsandinternationalentitiescouldfurtherenhancedomesticresourcematchingefforts.ThispaperisaproductoftheHealth,NutritionandPopulationGlobalPractice.Itispartofalar
6、gereffortbytheWorldBanktoprovideopenaccesstoitsresearchandmakeacontributiontodevelopmentpolicydiscussionsaroundtheworld.PolicyResearchWorkingPapersarealsopostedontheWebatTheauthorsmaybecontactedathdonfbuetworldbank.org.TbcPoiityReseelopnentissues.Anol)jectieoftheseriesisto妒tbefindingoutquickly,eveni
7、ftbepresentationsarelessthanfullyf)olisbed.Thepaperscanythenamesoft!)tauthorsandshouldbecitedaccordingly.Tbefinding,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthispaperareenfirefythose可theauthors.TheydonotnecrssarilyrrprvstrnttbeviewsoftbeInleniationalbankforReconstructionandDevtiopMenl/WorldBankandit
8、saffiliatedorganisation/,orthoseoftbeP,xecutheDireclcrsoftbeWorldBankortbepvmmentstheyrepresent.ProducedbytheResearchSupportTeamMortalityCostsofandPolicyResponsestotheCOVID-19PandemicinCoted,IvoireHermannPythagorePierreDonfouet1*,NdohAshkenSanogo1Jean-NoelAmantchiGogoua1,OpopeOyakaTshivuilaMatala1,A
9、damaTraore1,GastonSorgho1lTheWorldBankHealthNutritionandPopulationGlobalPractice,1818HStreet,NWWashington,D.C.20433USA.*Correspondingauthor,semail:hdonfouetworldbank.orgKeywords:COVID-19pandemic,valueOfstatisticallife.JE1.codes:D12,D61,I101. IntroductionSinceitsfirstcaseofCOVID-19,detectedonMarch11,
10、2020,Coted,Ivoirehasexperiencedrecurrentwavesofthepandemic,withthemostrecentendinginJanuary2022.TheresurgenceincaseshasbeendrivenbythespreadofhighlytransmissibleCOVID-19variants,lowCOVID-19vaccinationcoverage,increasingsocialinteractionsandtheinconsistentapplicationofpublichealthmeasures(e.g.,social
11、distancing,handwashing,andmaskwearing).Therewere88,064confirmedcasesofCOVID-19betweenJanuary3,2020,andFebruary15,2023(WHO.,2022).ThehighestincidenceofCOVID-19caseswasobservedinDecember2021duetotheOmicronvariant,whilethedeadliestwavewasassociatedwiththespreadoftheDeltavariantbetweenJulyandOctober2021
12、.AsofJanuary18,2024,atotalof835peoplehaddiedasaresultofCOVID-19.AlthoughthisnumberofdeathsmightnotseemhighcomparedtotheUnitedStates(US),whereCOVID-19isestimatedtohavecaused1,161,235deathsasofJanuary18,2024,themortalitycostsinCoted,Ivoiremightbehighforanationthatisstillworkingtobuildastrongandresilie
13、nthealthcaresystemandenhanceinclusiveandsustainableeconomicgrowth.Furthermore,sincethepandemicbegan,policymakersinCotedIvoirehavelackedevidenceofthelong-termdeathcostsassociatedwithCOVID-19.TheseestimatescouldgivepolicymakersaclearpictureofthemortalitycostsassociatedwithCOVID-19overtimeandhelpthemta
14、keaforwardapproachtobetterprevent,preparefor,andrespondtofuturepandemics.TheCOVID-19pandemichasspawnedaplethoraofresearcharticlesthatassessitscosts.AccordingtoanestimatebyCutlerandSummers(2020),thetotalcostofthepandemicintheUSisestimatedatmorethan$16trillion,orover90%ofthecountrysannualgrossdomestic
15、product.TheprematuredeathcostamountedtoUSS4.4trillion.InTiirkiye,Gokler&Metinta(2022)foundthattheprematuredeathcostduetoCOVID-19wasUS$227,396,694.EventhoughthesestudiesshedsomelightonthemortalitycostsassociatedwithCOVID-19,itisnotknownhowthesemortalitycostschangeovertime.1 COVID-19hasbeendescribedinavarietyofwayssinceitsinception.Itwasreferredtoasapandemic,healthcrisis,publichealthemergencyofinternalconcern,anddisaster.Thecurrentstudyusesthebenefit-transfervalueofastatisticallife(VS1.)approachtoestimatetheCOVID-19mortalitycostsovertimeinCoted,Ivoire.Wealsoreviewt
