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1、美国名人环保主义者作家蕾切尔卡逊RachelCarsonz1907-1964:EnvironmentalistandAuthorplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-18:06repeatBy1.awanDavis2010-3-13Photo:usgs.govEnvironmentalistandWriterRachelCarsonFAITH1.APIDUS:PeopleAmerica,aprograminSpecialEnglishontheVoiceofAmerica.Today,SteveEmberandRichKleinfeldttellaboutscientistRa
2、chelCarson.HerworkstartedtheenvironmentalprotectionmovementintheUnitedStates.(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:RachelCarsonwasbornonMaytwenty-seventh,nineteen-oh-seveninSpringdale,Pennsylvania.Rachelsfather,RobertCarsonzwasasalesmanwhoinvestedinlocalland.Hepurchasedtwenty-sixhectaresoflandtomakeahomeforhisfamily.Th
3、eareawassurroundedbyfields,treesandStreaMissTheCarsonfamilyenjoyedlivinginthebeautiful,countryenvironment.Rachelsmother,MariaCarson,hadbeenaschoolteacher.Shelovedbooks.Shealsolovednature.Rachelwastheyoungestofthreechildren.Hersisterandbrotherwerealreadyinschoolwhenshewasborn.SoMissusCarsonwasabletos
4、pendalotoftimewithRachel.SheshowedRachelthebeautyofnature.ShealsotaughtRacheladeeploveforbooks.MissusCarsonbecamethemostimportantinfluenceonRachelslife.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:Rachelwasaquietchild.Shelikedtoreadandtowritepoemsandstories.Shewasveryintelligent.Ataveryearlyageshedecidedshewantedtobeawritersom
5、eday.Herfirstpublishedstoryappearedinachildrensmagazinewhenshewastenyearsold.RachelwenttothePennsylvaniaCollegeforWomen.ShestudiedEnglishbecauseshewantedtobecomeaprofessionalwriter.Yet,shefeltshedidnothavetheimaginationtowritecreativestories.ShechangedherareaofstudyfromEnglishtoscienceaftershetookab
6、iologycoursethatsheliked.Herprofessorsadvisedhernottostudyscience.Theysaidtherewasnofutureforawomaninscience.fws.orgSTEVEEMBER:Innineteentwenty-nine,Rachelgraduatedfromcollegewithhighhonors.ShewonafinancialawardtostudyatJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,Maryland.Innineteenthirty-two,sheearnedamaster
7、sdegreeinzoology,thescientificstudyofanimals.ShetaughtzoologyattheUniversityofMarylandforafewyears.Duringthesummers,shestudiedtheoceananditslifeformsattheWoodsHoleMarineBiological1.aboratoryinMassachusetts.Thatiswhenshebecameinterestedinthemysteriesofthesea.(MUSIC)RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:Rachelslifechanged
8、greatlyinthemiddlenineteenthirties.Herfatherdiedsuddenlyinnineteenthirty-five.HeleftverylittlefinancialsupportforRachelsmother.ItwasduringtheeconomicdeclineintheUnitedStatescalledtheGreatDepression.Rachelnowhadtosupporthermotherandherself.Sheneededmoremoneythanherteachingjobcouldprovide.Shebeganpart
9、-timeworkforafederalgovernmentagency,theBureauofFisheriesinWashington,D.C.Oneyearlater,Rachelssisterdied.Hersisterwasthemotheroftwoyounggirls.Rachelandhermothercaredforthegirls.Rachelnowhadtosupporthermother,twoniecesandherself.Again,sheneededajobwithbetterpay.STEVEEMBER:Afulltimejobforabiologistope
10、nedattheUnitedStatesBureauofFisheries.RachelCarsonwastheonlywomantotryfortheposition.Shehadthehighestscoreofallpeoplecompetingforthejob.MissCarsongotthepositioninAugust,nineteenthirty-six.Shewaschosentoworkintheofficeofthechiefofthebiologydivision.HerfirstjobwastowriteaseriesofprogramscalledRomanceU
11、ndertheWaters.Theserieswasbroadcastonradioforayear.ShecontinuedtowriteandeditpublicationsfortheBureauofFisheriesformanyyears.Thebureauwashappytohaveascientistwhowasalsoanexcellentwriter.RachelCarsonprovidedinformationtothepublicininterestingandunderstandableways.fws.orgRachelCarsonwrotePenAgainstPap
12、erfortheAmericanDepartmentofStateRICHK1.EINFE1.DT:Innineteen-forty,theUnitedStatesBureauofFisheriesandtheBiologicalSurveyjoinedtobecometheFishandWildlifeService.MissCarsoncontinuedasoneofthefewwomenemployedthereasascientist.Theotherwomenworkedasofficeassistants.Whileshewasworkingforthegovernment,Mis
13、sCarsonwroteatnightandonweekends.Innineteenthirty-sevenshewroteareportaboutsealife.ItwascalledUndersea.Itappearedinthemagazine,AtlanticMonthly.Aneditoratapublishinghouseencouragedhertowriteabookabouttheseaforthegeneralpublic.Soshedid.Herfirstbook,UndertheSeaWind,waspublishedinnineteenforty-one.STEVE
14、EMBER:Innineteenforty-eight,MissCarsonbeganworkingonanotherbook,TheSeaAroundUs.Itbecameherfirstbest-sellingbook.RachelCarsonalwaysresearchedcarefullywhenshewrote.ShegatheredinformationfrommorethanonethousandplacestowriteTheSeaAroundUs.Shealsowroteletterstoexpertsallovertheworld.STEVEEMBER:TheSeaArou
15、ndUswaspublishedinnineteenfifty-one.Itwasnumberoneonthebest-sellerlistformorethanayear.ItwontheNationalBookAward.TheSeaAroundUsmadeRachelCarsonfamous.Themoneythebookearnedeasedherfinancialresponsibilitiesforthefirsttimeinyears.Innineteenfifty-two,MissCarsonwasabletoleaveherjobattheFishandWildlifeSer
16、viceandspendhertimewriting.MissCarsonmovedtoahomeonthecoastofMaine.Thereshestudiedtheecologyofthesea.Hernextbook,TheEdgeoftheSea,waspublishedinnineteenfifty-five.Ittoldoftheconnectionofalllivingcreaturesinareaswherelandandoceanmeet.(MUSIC)RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:RachelCarsonsmostfamousbook,SilentSpringwaspublishedinnineteensixty-two.Theideaforthebookdevelopedfromasuggestionfromafriend.Rachelsfriendownedaprote
