《fact_sheet_continuous_improvement.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《fact_sheet_continuous_improvement.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在第壹文秘上搜索。
1、SustainableManufacturingToolboxFactsheet:ContinuousimprovementPlan-do-check-act(PDCAcycle)Onemethodforimplementingandsustainingcontinuousimprovementinvolvesausefultoolcalledthe,plan-do-check-actcycleorPDCA.ThePDCAcyclemaybeusedtoimplementimprovementsandtoensurethatimprovementsaresustainedinallcritic
2、alareasofthebusinesssuchassafetyandenvironment,quality,morale,deliveryandst.TheenvironmentalmanagementsystemdetailedintheISO14004:2004InternationalStandardfollowsaPDCAmanagementmodel.PDCAisanongoing,iterativeprocessthatenablesabusinesstoestablish,implementandmaintainandcontinuallyimproveitsenvironme
3、ntalpolicy.ThePDCAcycleisachecklistoffourstagesyoumustgothrough,fromidentifyingtheareaforimprovementthroughtotheimprovedworkarea.Itemphasisesanddemonstratesthatimprovementprogramsmustdothefollowing:1. Startwithcarefulplanning.2. Resultineffectiveaction.3. Checktheresults.4. Moveonagaintocarefulplann
4、inginacontinuouscycle.ThefourstagesareillustratedinFigure1.Figure1:ThePDCAcyclePage1of5CommonwealthofAustralia20101.icensedunderAEShareNetShareandReturnlicenceTheplanstageisperformedthroughouttheplanningandimplementationofimprovementsolutions.Duringthecheckstagetheteamcollectsdataandcheckswhetherthe
5、solutionsareproducingtheexpectedimprovements.Duringtheactstagetheteammonitorstheprocesstoidentifyfurtherimprovementopportunitiesandtakesactiontointroducethem.However,theimprovementprocessdoesnotstophere.Ascontinuousimprovementisnever-ending,thePDCAcyclecontinues.PDCAiswhatdrivescontinuousimprovement
6、.Hereisaguidelinetotheplan-do-check-actcycles.Plan Establishanongoingplanningprocess. Describetheresultsyouwanttoachieve. Identifyandmonitorapplicablelegalrequirements,policyobjectivesandothercommitments. Setinternalperformancecriteriawhereappropriate(operatingstandards,timeframes,qualitycontrol,cos
7、tconsiderations). Clarifythestandards(time,quality,costetc). 1.istallactivitiesrequiredtoachievetheresults. Prioritisetheactivities. Determinethetiminganddurationofeach. Prepareadiagramtoillustratetheactivitysequence. Allocatepeopleandresources. Setobjectivesandtargetsonwhatshouldbemeasured,whereand
8、whenitshouldbemeasuredandwhatmethodsshouldbeused. Developanduseperformanceindicators.Do Aftertheplanningstage,theplanneedstobeimplemented. Assignrolesandresponsibilities. Maintainoperationalcontrolandemergencyresponse. Providealladequateresourcesincludingtheimplementationofdocumentcontrol. Providetr
9、ainingtorelevantstaff. Establishprocessesforinternalcommunication.Check Youneedtoevaluateandmeasuretheresults. Completeasystematicapproachtomonitoringandmeasurementactivitiesthatensurecompliancebyidentifyingthekeycharacteristicsthroughaprocessapproach. Progressiscomparedagainstkeyperformanceindicato
10、rsandsettargetsfromtheplanningstage. Identifynonconformityandtakecorrectiveandpreventiveactions. Managerecords.Act Reviewandtakeactiontoimprovethempanysoperations.Identifyareasforimprovementandmakerecommendations. Hereyouneedtoimprovetheprocessfurther.Forexample,ifresultsachievedareasplannedagainstt
11、hetargetsset,thecurrentmethodiscapturedinaneworrevisedstandardoperatingprocedure(SOP)toensurefuturesuccess. Whenresultsarenotasplanned,thePDCAcycleisrepeatedonthesamebusinessactivitywithrecommendationsonwhatwentwrongdetailedforpartofthenextplanningcycle. Anessentialelementofcontinuousimprovementisai
12、minghighernexttimesothatthereviewstagesetshighertargetsthanpreviouslyrecognised. WhenresultsaresuccessfulthePDCAcycleiscompletedonanotherareaofthecompanyforcontinualimprovement.ContinuousimprovementThePDCAisanexampleofcontinuousimprovement,howeverthereareotherimplementationsofthisidea.ForexampleKaiz
13、enisanotherapproachadoptedbyJapanesemanufacturers.Oneofthesignificantaspectsofcontinuousimprovementsystemsisaiminghighernexttimesothatatthereviewstagehighertargetsaresetsothatthebusinesscontinuestoimprove.ThisisanessentialpartofthestandardISO14000anditiswhatdifferentiatesenvironmentalmanagementsyste
14、msfromqualitysystems.SourcesofinformationforcontinuousimprovementTorealisecontinualimprovements,abusinessshouldnotonlyknowwhatdeficienciesexist,butunderstandwhytheyexist.Thiscanbeachievedisbyanalysingtherootcase(三)ofenvironmentalmanagementsystemdeficiencies.Someusefulsourcesofinformationforcontinuou
15、simprovementcouldinclude: experiencegainedfromcorrectiveandpreventiveactions externalbenchmarkingagainstbestpractices intendedorproposedchangesapplicabletolegalrequirementsandotherrequirementstowhichthebusinesssubscribes resultsofenvironmentalmanagementsystemandcomplianceaudits resultsofmonitoringof
16、keycharacteristicsofoperations resultsofprogresstowardsachievingobjectivesandtargets,and viewsofinterestedparties,includingemployees,customersandsuppliers.ExamplesofcontinuousimprovementImprovementscanbemadeeitherwithinoroutsidetheprocessofsettingandreviewingenvironmentalobjectivesandtargets.Someexamplesofimprovementin
