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1、IekntifkatiOnandcharacterizationofPhoinafungico1.acausing1.eafspotdiseaseofPhe1.1.adendnHiarnurenseRuprinChinaA1.ntractPhf1.1.otictuImfXamtrcnseRraperennia1.herbinCnjxsicacfami1.y,chixIKCdforjaundiceandgastrointestina1.discaws.In2015.u1.eafspodiseaseWaSQbSCrVCdonp1.antsofP.etnuremeinaproductionfie1.
2、dofShenyang1.iaoningProvic.ChinaTbcdisschadaspeck1.edappea11i!xreiniIia1.1).Evemuu1.1.y.infec1.irusua1.1.yCaUMrdye1.1.owigofIiieka%,eundprvnu1.urudet1.iatin.Ihecau5a1.agentofinf&1.iunnh(swaxidenh11edasP/iojtmJint(ic(1.abasedmiHinrphoIogicM刖dCUkUra1.chaw1.cristies,pathogenicityCcMsarx1.phy1.ogenetica
3、11A1.ysix.Towrknow1.edge,thisisthefirstreportofakafspodiseaseonP.iwwvrsecausedbyP.fwigko1.ainChina.!nt11iuc1.inPhd1.micndrrffx(jjnu/rnxcRuprixaperennia1.medicina1.herbIU1.ivCtoChina,whereithasbeengrownfoemorethan2.0(Xyears.Commercia1.p1.unutknarcmuin1.diribcdin1.iaoningPiovinccofChina.TbCdriedrccbar
4、kofP.arnurensehasbeenusedforcrcatmeniofjaundiceaidgxUinteUina1.dsNiiw、inIradi1.iiiiu1.Chinesemedicine.Wi1.iifurthernreavhingini1.activeingredientaniextractionhasrecent1.ybeenQUdiCdfbriMa111.i(umnr.antimicrobia1.antfrveda!IheMedicina1.IktbGardeninShenyasigAgricu1.tura1.Univcrvi1.y(SYUXShenyanj.1.iann
5、ing,China.Sincethen,itsincidcrxx:inthesubsequentyear*Signifkunt1.yincrcnwdIn2015,thediseaseimposedUdirect(hrcuttoWMainabIcpduion.Asthediseasea1.csccdtocauseb1.ighton1.eaves(issuesandhcfungu.PHtna.WaSiso1.atedfromIbeSC1.egions.thsuspectedha(WaSthecawa1.PaIbOgen“thediseaM!.PhonwisVrryimportantpytopath
6、ngcn(Avcxkiimpcta1.201Q)andthetypespeciesRherhnrnmWsctubtp(1857)wasOi1.aMishedbySaocurdo1.ISSO),MuchresearcheshnsbeenCaIr1.edouttaconsistsofa1.argenumbercdophytcs.SaPfDbCSaidp1.antPaIhogCits.butIheCkUNiiiCakanofspecie%inPhtMm1.atx1.a1.1.iedgeneraissti1.1.cMi1.roveria1.Asubdivision1.theawxua1.gcnsPho
7、mathatkcurrencywide1.yapp1.ieddividesthegcwsintoninew1.innx,inc1.udingthesectionsPjMinm、Hcenswra.Macnnra.Paraphww.PGrwtdktea、PhyU(KiiicU)IdestPiJWia.PIetKnhrmtsandSe1.enMne1.1.tiBocicnu1997).Confusingcharactersarereportedamongsevera1.PhomtiMXIiUIarx1.IthtcdgtrteraurhasAscwhyUhPhtNnopxix、Phy1.kziim.P
8、kigphtNna.PyrtfntHrhatrRandSta)(NUMpt)n.KeuiI1.NJanextensiveMudyHe1.wtxnPkttmttandPhy1.kziictan1.ybasedMp1.ain,invitroChaKICWrV卜UftberIIMire.i1.IabeenuggeaedIha1.thePhnmaC1.aviHca1.innyxtcmWOU1.dbeimpenvedbyadding11Nphy1.ogeneticdata,a11iUc1.inca1.in:morenatura1.grkca1.ikn1.1.ca1.in.Ihep1.hgewasdivi
9、dedIIMDPhy1.kztida.Butt1.mg1.COCnbmXionofmoho1.ogica1.andmn1.ec1.irmethodsinchistudy,furtherMudiesshowedIha1.Ihcpathogenbe1.ongstoPhna.Materia1.sandmethodsObservationOfsymptom、andco1.1.ectiunofnmp1.eFO1.IoWinWinGc1.dob%cnuknnfdisc:Nedevckpity.InnerSbcnyang.1.iaoningprovince.China.MftS1.Ch4C1.rruMKQ5
10、IhO1.atiOntheCaUMdfed1.ttU“I咏rmctft20MBocrema,6.K.deGntecJ.Nwtoot,M.6.,&Kw,M.C.20049banqA*“*bEMraftMGCJtUrw.M1.InOOE:CABIPUdUNR,(Vpica1.1.yHymp1.oinatic1.eaveweresurtces1.eriIizedbydappedinto75%CU1.anD1.1.WCrCaseptica1.1.ycutfrommarginsofthe1.esionsadp1.acedonpoutodextroseagar(PDA)(20Ogpotatoes.20gd
11、extrose.20agnr/1.IJiMiI1.cdwa1.erTbcwdhhcwereincubatedMHena1.u1111.ightantiobserveddai1.y.After5day、ofincuhatin11.thegrowingfungiWCTCivb1.cdantipurifiedonPDAusingthesing1.esporetechnique,transferredtoPDAs1.antsandkeptuc4Xforfurtherstudies.Thecu1.tureswereinvestigatedforco1.onydiameter.PyCnidiUinandC
12、emidia1.InDrPiM1.k塔y.(Cu1.tura1.Charactcr1.Micsandmorpho1.ogica1.ThePhomaiso1.atewasfirM1.yexaminedmorpho1.ogica1.1.y.Theiso1.atewascu1.turedonPDAMrtnca1.garOAj(15gofO1.iUnCa1.20gagan,1.Idisi1.1.edWdICfJundnw1.tagar(MEA;40gma1.1.extractOxid.15gOX(Iidagar.111.apwa1.er)incubated31.25Cucoxitinuousi1.Iu
13、inuia1.ion.atdexaminedco1.onydiiimctcOntheOAax!(bePnAafter7d.Twoweek、1.ater,thetnrphn1.cgyofthePyCnid山andconidiaweirMitdicdfromtheOAandIhCMEAcu1.tures.Imagesoftheco1.onicsoftheiso1.atewerecapturedUstngacamcra.Theexperimentrepea1.edtwicewithRmrrep1.icates.DNCX1.ruc1.HMi.PC?RandNeqUenCinXDNAexIrac1.iun.(heMudiedu1.1.uxe%wetvgro11PD11edtumatroomIempcra1.urvuarMaryshakerfor7dayx.ECnCmiCDNAswereexIrxr1.aifrommyce1.iabygnTIAMGENI、AsecureP1.antKitDcconiingtothemanufacturersinanitions.1.a
