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1、By ERIK SOLHEIM China Daily Global Updated: 2023-08-22 07:33Anemergingnewglobalorderf*in+MAXUEJING/CHINADAILYThechallengesandconflictsofthe21stcenturywillhavetobesolvedthroughcooperationbetweenmanynations.BRICShasakeyroletoplayinthatlandscapeBRICSisoneofthemostimportantinstitutionsinthemultipolarsys
2、temwhichwillbetheworldorderofthe21stcentury.TheBRICSnations一Brazil,Russia,India,ChinaandSouthAfrica-accountfor42percentoftheworldpopulationand32percentoftheglobaleconomy.BRICSbringsnewdynamicstotheinternationallandscapeandgivesstrengthtodevelopingcountriesinaworldorderthatuntilrecentlywasdominatedby
3、theUnitedStatesandtheotherWesterncountries.BRICSobtaineditspresentshapein2010,withtheadmissionofSouthAfricaasafullmember.ItwascraftedattheunipolarmomentaftertheColdWarwhentheUSalonedominatedtheworld.PerceivedasareactiontotheUSmilitary,sunilateralcampaignsinIraqandotherplaces,BRICScanmoreimportantlyb
4、eseenasaresponsetoWesterneconomicdominanceandWesternresistancetoreformoftheWorldBankandotherfinancialinstitutionsundertheircontrol.BRICSrepresentsastrongforce,aimingtorebalanceaworldwhich,inthewordsofIndianForeignMinisterJaishankar,isleavingtoomanynationsatthemercyoftoofew.TogetherwiththeG20,theBelt
5、andRoadInitiative,theShanghaiCooperationOrganization,theAsianInfrastructureInvestmentBank,andotherelements,BRICSispartofawiderframeworkreflectingtheworldofthe21stcentury,amultipolarworldwhereallcriticalissuessuchastheenvironment,climate,terrorism,regionalwars,economicdevelopmentandpandemicscallforin
6、ternationalcooperation.TheseinstitutionsjointlymirrortheneedsofarapidlychangingworldandprovideananswertotheveryslowpaceofreformsoftheUNandtheglobalfinancialinstitutions.WhileweneedaUN-ledworldorder,theUNislargelyonthesidelinesofmostcriticalglobalissues.Itremainsstuckin78-year-oldparadigms.Noheadquar
7、tersofanysignificantUNinstitutionislocatedinEastandSouthAsiawherehalfofhumanitylives.EventheirstaffmembersareoverwhelminglyWestern.BRICSstartedwiththevisionofcreatingafairerworldorder,withaproperrepresentationfortheGlobalSouth.Intheearlydays,thefocuswasonpromotingeconomicgrowth,whileveryrapidlythesu
8、bjectscoveredhaveexpandedtosecurity,health,education,theenvironment,counter-terrorismandmanyothers.Sincelastyear,theworldhasseenastrongmovementfromtheGlobalSouthforcreatinganalternativetotheUSdollarastheglobalcurrency,andBRICShasbeenattheforefrontofpromotingtheideaofde-dollarizationoftheworld.In2015
9、,BRICScreatedtheNewDevelopmentBank,whichisheadquarteredinShanghai.FormerBrazilianpresidentDilmaRousseffisitscurrentpresident.AlongwiththeAsianInfrastructureInvestmentBank,itformsasupplementtoandadifferentnarrativefromtheWest-dominatedbanks.BRICSmaygivetheimpressionofbeinganartificialgroup,becausethe
10、BRICSnationshavelittleincommon.Theyrepresentdifferentversionsofhumancivilizationwithdifferentpoliticalsystems.Theyarelocatedinfourdifferentcontinents.Economically,Chinaismuchbiggerthantherest.WhatbroughtthemtogetherwasthedesireforamorejustworldorderwithastrongervoicefortheSouth.BRICShasshownremarkab
11、leresilienceandacontinuousmomentum.The15thBRICSSummitisbeingheldinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica,onAug22to24.Interestingly,BRICShasnotdevelopedasaplatformagainsttheWest,butmoreasaplatformwherethemembersseekfreedomandautonomyofthoughtandaction.Italsofunctionsasanintellectualhubfordebatesanddialoguesoutside
12、theWest-dominatedspheres.BRICSismeetingatatimewhentheUkrainecrisisisontopoftheglobalagenda.NoBRICSnationhasjoinedtheWest-ledsanctionsagainstRussia.ButtheyallsupporttheterritorialintegrityofUkraine.BRICSnationsareamongthemostlikelycandidatesaspeacemakerswhentheconflictcomestoanegotiatedsettlement.The
13、issueofexpandingthegroupingwilltakethespotlightatthesummit.ItseemsallBRICSnationsareinprincipleopentoaddingmoremembers.Veryrecently,NalediPandor,SouthAfricasministerofInternationalRelationsandCooperation,said23countrieshaveformallysubmittedanapplicationtojoinBRICS.Theseincludeincrediblyimportantdeve
14、lopingnationssuchasIndonesia,Argentina,Egypt,Mexico,Vietnamandmanymore.AparticulargamechangerwouldbeSaudiArabia.ThecountrywouldaddmorefinancialresourcestoBRICS.Inaddition,itwouldalsostronglyunderlinethenewworldorderifatraditionalUSallysuchasSaudiArabiajoinedBRICS.AninterestingareaforastrongerBRICSfo
15、otprintistheenvironment.IparticipatedinaBRICSEnvironmentMinistersMeetinginTianjinafewyearsago.ThisforumplaysanimportantroleinadvancingenvironmentalcooperationamongtheBRICSstates.IndianPrimeMinisterNarendraModihasrecentlysuggestedaBRICS,workstreamonglobaldevelopmentofgreenrail.TheBRICSmembersareworld
16、leadersingreendevelopment.Chinaaloneaccountsfor60-80percentofglobalsolar,wind,hydropower,electriccarsproductionandhigh-speedrail.BrazilianPresidentLuizInacioLuladaSilvahasjustputBrazilinthefrontseatonprotectingtheAmazon,bringingdeforestationtoaseven-yearIowjustafterhalfayearinoffice.IndiawillsoonbethesecondbiggestsolarpowerintheworldafterChinaandislaunchinggreenplansbytheday.1.ookingbackontheUSforeignpolicyaftertheColdWar,RichardHaass,aUSforeignpol
