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1、美国名人作曲家斯科特乔普林ScottJoplin:TheKingofRagtimeMusicplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:48repeatByCatyWeaver2006-5-27(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmBarbaraKleinwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutthelifeandworkofoneofAmericasgreatestmusicwriters:ScottJoplinztheKingofRagtime.(MUSIC)V
2、OICEONE:ThatsongiscalledMapleLeafRag.ScottJoplinwroteitmorethanonehundredyearsago.ThesongchangedJoplinslife.Itwasverypopular.Thecomposerearnedagoodlivingfromthesalesofthesheetmusic.Healsobecamefamous.But,eventoday,muchaboutScottJoplinremainsamystery.Thereisconflictinginformationaboutthemostbasicfact
3、s,likewhenandwherehewasborn.OfficialpopulationdocumentssuggestScottJoplinwasbornineighteensixty-sevenandeighteensixty-eight.HewasborninTexas,probablyneartheborderwithArkansas.TheJoplinsmovedtoTexarkana,Texassometimeaftereighteenseventy-fiveandScottgrewupthere.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Scottwasthesecondofseven
4、childrenborntoGilesandFlorenceJoplin.Hisfatherwasafreedslavewhoworkedontherailroad.Hismothercleanedpeopleshomes.ThewholeJoplinfamilywasmusical.Scottsfatherplayedtheviolin.Hismotherplayedthebanjo.AndalltheJoplinsenjoyedsingingtogetherathome.Scottlearnedtoplayseveralmusicalinstruments.ButFlorenceJopli
5、nwantedhersontolearnhowtoplaythepiano.WhenScottwasaboutsevenyearsoldhebegantakingpianolessonswithamusicteacherathisschool.TheJoplinswerepoor,soScottsmotherpaidfortheweeklylessonswithfood.FlorenceJoplinalsogotpermissionforhersontouseapianoinoneofthehousesshecleanedinTexarkana.FlorenceandGilesJoplinse
6、paratedbeforeScottbecameateenager.SomeexpertsthinkScottblamedhimselfforthebreak-up.ManyexpertsalsothinkScottJoplinsoperaTreemonishaincludedincidentsofhislifewithhismotherafterGilesJoplinleft.Forexample,thecharacterTreemonishareceivesmusiclessonspaidforbyhermotherwhocleanspeopleshouses.Listentothisar
7、iafromtheopera.CarmenBalthropisTreemonisha.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ScottJoplinsearlypianolessonsdidnotincluderagtime.Thatkindofmusicwasplayedindanceanddrinkingplacesandwasnotconsideredacceptable.Scottfirststudiedclassicalmusicwithseveralteachers.TheyincludedaGermanimmigrantnamedJuliusWeisswhoprobablyhadthes
8、trongestinfluenceontheboy.VOICETWO:ScottleftTexaswhenhewasateenager.Heworkedasapianoplayerandgavelessonsintheguitarandmandolin.InhistwentieshesettledinSedalia,Missouri.HeformedagroupcalledtheTexasMedleyQuartet.Thegroupsometimestraveledgreatdistancestoperform.ScottJoplinbeganhismusic-writingcareerinS
9、edalia.Heattendedcollegeclassestolearntobecomeacomposer.JoplinalsogotapermanentjobinSedaliaplayingthepianoinanewnightclub.SedaliasmostimportantcitizensvisitedtheMapleLeafClub.ThejobpermittedJoplintimetowriteandplayhisownwork.SomethingevenmoreimportanthappenedtoJoplininSedalia.HemetJohnStark,theowner
10、ofalocalmusicstore.Ineightyninety-nine,StarkpublishedthesongMapleLeafRag.ItwasnotJoplinsfirstpublishedmusic.Butitwasthehewasmostproudof.StarkofferedtopayJoplinapercentageofeachsaleofMapleLeafRagsheetmusic.Thiswasanextremelyunusualbusinessagreementforawhitepublisherandblackcomposeratthattime.Usually,
11、whitepublisherspaidonlyasmallamountofmoneyforfullownershipofmusicwrittenbyAfrican-Americans.TheagreementwasverygoodforbothScottJoplinandJohnStark.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Ragtimemusicisdancemusic.Itcombinesasolid,oftenlively,beatwithalooser;complexmelody.MostexpertsagreethatthetraditionalmusicanddanceofAmeri
12、canslavesplayedabigpartinthedevelopmentofragtime.Hereisaperfectexample.ScottJoplinandJohnStarkpublishedABreezeFromAlabamainnineteen-oh-two.Itismusicforadancecalledthetwo-step.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:JohnStarkdecidedthatScottJoplinwasgoingtobecometoopopulartostayinthesmalltownofSedalia.Hedecidedtomovehismusi
13、cbusinesstothebigcityofSaintLouiszMissouri.JoplinmovedtoSaintLouiswithawomannamedBelleHayden.Latertheyweremarried.ButJoplinwasnotassuccessfulinloveashewasinmusic.HeandBelleseparatedinnineteen-oh-two.TwoyearslaterJoplinmarriedagain.Buthiswife,FreddieAlexander;diedjustthreemonthslater.TheScottJoplinOr
14、ganizationinSedaliazMissourisaysJoplinwrotethisrag,TheChrysanthemum/forhissecondwife.(MUSIC)Afterhiswifesdeath,innineteen-oh-five,JoplinwroteaconcertwaltzcalledBethena.Thepiecehasasadsoundtoit,quiteunlikeJoplinsearlierwork.YoumightrecognizeitasthethememusicfortheSpecialEnglishprogramWordsandTheirSto
15、ries.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Joplinlivedinmanyplacesintheyearsthatfollowed.Healsoworkedonhisopera,Treemonisha.HehadhopedhislongtimebusinesspartnerJohnStarkwouldpublishit,butherefused.Starkdidnotthinkaragtimeoperawouldsell.Afternineteen-oh-sevenJoplinlivedmostlyinNewYorkCity.HeandhisnewwifeLottietriedformany
16、yearstogetTreemonishaproduced.ButitsopeningnightdidnotcomeuntilmorethanfiftyyearsafterJoplinsdeath.Byaboutnineteenfifteen,ScottJoplinbegansufferingbadlyfromsyphilis.Thediseaserobbedhimofhisabilitytoplaypiano.Italsodestroyedhisabilitytowritemusic.HediedinNewYorkCityinnineteen-seventeen.ScottJoplinlefttheworldsixtymusicalworks.Theseincludemanypianoragsthatarestillplayed
