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1、美国名人作曲家乔治格什文2GeorgeGershwin:MoreoftheLifeandMusicofOneofAmericasGreatSongwritersplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:00repeatByShelleyGollust2005-6-11(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mBarbaraKlein.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywecontinueourreportaboutthelifeandmusicofoneofAmericasgreate
2、stcomposers,GeorgeGershwin.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Aswereportedlastweek,GeorgeGershwinpublishedhisfirstsongwhenhewasjusteighteenyearsold.Duringthenexttwentyyears,untilhisdeath,hewrotemorethanfivehundredmoresongs.Healsowroteanopera,andmusicforpianoandorchestra.ManyofGeorgeGershwinssongswerefirstwrittenformus
3、icalplaysperformedintheatersinNewYorkCity.Thesecomedies,withplentyofsongs,wereapopularformofentertainmentinthenineteentwentiesandnineteenthirties.OneofGershwinsmusicalplays,GirlCrazy,introducedayoungsingernamedEthelMerman.ShebecameoneofthemostcelebratedperformersinAmerica.Intheplay,EthelMermansangas
4、ongGeorgeGershwinwrotejustforher.ItwascalledIGotRhythm.,(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ManysongsthatGeorgeGershwinwroteformusicalplaysandmovieshaveremainedaspopularasever.Overtheyears,theyhavebeensungandplayedineverypossibleway-fromjazztocountry.Oneexampleisthesong,SomeonetoWatchOverMe.Itwaswrittenforthenineteentw
5、enty-sixmusicalOh,Kay!Hereisamodernversionofthesong,sungbyWillieNelson.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Inthenineteentwenties,therewasadebateintheUnitedStatesaboutjazzmusic.Couldjazzzsomepeopleasked,beconsideredseriousmusic?Innineteentwenty-four,jazzmusicianandorchestraleaderPaulWhitemandecidedtoorganizeaspecialconc
6、erttoshowthatjazzwasseriousmusic.GeorgeGershwinagreedtocomposesomethingfortheconcertbeforeherealizedhowlittletimehehadtodoit.Theconcertwasjustafewweeksaway.Gershwingotbusy.And,inthatshorttime,hecomposedapieceforpianoandorchestra.HecalleditRhapsodyinBlue.VOICETWO:GershwinhimselfplayedthepianopartofRh
7、apsodyinBlueattheconcert.Theaudienceincludedsomeofthegreatestclassicalmusiciansofthetime.Whentheyheardhismusic,theywereelectrified.Itseemedtocapture,forthefirsttime,thetruevoiceofmodernAmericanculture.Today,wecanstillhearGershwinplayingRhapsodyinBlue.Anoldmechanicalpianorecordinghasbeenreproducedexa
8、ctlyonthisrecording.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:RhapsodyinBluemadeGeorgeGershwinfamousallovertheworld.Severalhundredthousandcopiesoftheprintedmusicsoldimmediately.Gershwinwassatisfiedthathehadshownthatjazzmusiccouldbebothseriousandpopular.Gershwinalsowroteanopera,PorgyandBess.ItwasbasedonabookbyDuBoseHeyward.It
9、isatragiclovestoryaboutblackAmericansalongthecoastofSouthCarolina.PorgyAndBessopenedinBoston,Massachusetts,innineteenthirty-five.Audienceslovedit.Butmostcriticsdidnotknowwhattothinkofit.Itwasnotlikeanyotheroperaormusicalplaytheyhadeverseen.Gershwinwasnotaffectedbythecriticsopinions.Hebelievedsomeofh
10、isgreatestmusichadgoneintotheopera.Hesaidhehadcreatedanewmusicalform-anoperabasedonpopularculture.HereisthesongSummertimefromalaterproductionofPorgyandBessinnineteenfifty-two.LeontynePrice,whoplayedBess,singsthesong.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Anotherwell-knownGershwinpieceisAnAmericaninParis.Itisalongtonepoemf
11、ororchestra.ItsfirstpublicperformancewasbytheNewYorkPhilharmonicOrchestrainnineteentwenty-eight.HereisamodernrecordingfromAnAmericaninParis.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Onceagain,opinionwasmixed.MostpeoplelovedAnAmericaninParis/astheylovedallofGershwinsmusic.Somecriticslikedit,too.Theycalledithappyandfulloflife.
12、Othershatedit.Theycalleditsillyandlong-winded.Still,itremainsoneofhismostpopularworks.VOICETWO:GeorgeGershwindiedinnineteenthirty-seven,justdaysafterdoctorslearnedhehadbraincancer.Hewasonlythirty-nineyearsold.Newspapersallovertheworldreportedhisdeathontheirfrontpages.Everyonemournedthelossofthemanan
13、dallthemusichemighthavewritten.GeorgeGershwinisstillconsideredoneofAmericasgreatestcomposers.Hisworksstillareperformedbymanysingersandgroups.TheyareprobablyperformedmoreoftenthananyotherseriousAmericancomposer.VOICEONE:AustriancomposerArnoldSchoenbergwasoneofthepeoplewhopraisedGeorgeGershwin.SchoenbergsaidGershwinwasamanwholivedinmusicandexpressedeverythingthroughmusic,becausemusicwashisnativelanguage.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndmBarbaraKlein.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
