《美国名人 女权运动家和社会改革家 贝蒂·弗里丹.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《美国名人 女权运动家和社会改革家 贝蒂·弗里丹.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在第壹文秘上搜索。
1、美国名人女权运动家和社会改革家贝蒂弗里丹BettyFriedan:HowSheWasaLeaderintheModernWomensRightsMovementintheU.S.playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:25repeatByJerilynWatson2006-7-29VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutBettyFriedan.Shewasapowerfulactivistfortherights
2、ofwomen.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:BettyFriedanisoftencalledthemotherofthemodernwomensliberationmovement.Herfamousbook,TheFeminineMystique/changedAmerica.Somepeoplesayitchangedtheworld.Ithasbeencalledoneofthemostinfluentialnonfictionbooksofthetwentiethcentury.Friedanre-awakenedthefeministmovementintheUnitedSta
3、tes.Thatmovementhadhelpedwomengaintherighttovoteinthenineteentwenties.Modernfeministsdisagreeabouthowtodescribethemselvesandtheirmovement.Butactivistssaymenandwomenshouldhaveequalchancesforeconomic,socialandintellectualsatisfactioninlife.VOICETWO:Fiftyyearsago,lifeforwomenintheUnitedStateswasverydif
4、ferentfromtoday.Veryfewparentsurgedtheirdaughterstobecomelawyersordoctorsorprofessors.Femaleworkersdoingthesamejobsasmenearnedmuchlessmoney.Womenoftenlosttheirjobswhentheyhadababy.Therewerefewchildcarecentersforworkingparents.BettyFriedanoncespoketoABCtelevisionabouthersupportforsharingresponsibilit
5、yforthecareofchildren:Ifchild-rearingwasconsideredtheresponsibilityofwomenandmenorwomenandmenandsociety,thenwereallycouldpullupourskirtsanddeclarevictoryandmoveon.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:BettyFriedanwasbornBettyGoldsteininnineteentwenty-oneinPeoria,Illinois.Herimmigrantfatherworkedasajeweler.Hermotherlefthe
6、rjobwithalocalnewspapertostayhomewithherfamily.BettyattendedSmithCollegeinNorthhamptonzMassachusetts.Itwasoneofthecountrysbestcollegesforwomen.Shefinishedherstudiesinpsychologyinnineteenforty-two.AftercollegesheattendedtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleytocontinueherstudies.Butherboyfriendatthetimed
7、idnotwanthertogetanadvanceddegreeinpsychology.Heapparentlyfeltthreatenedbyhersuccess.SoBettyleftCaliforniaandherboyfriend.ShemovedtoNewYorkCityandworkedasareporterandeditorforlaborunionnewspapers.Innineteenforty-seven,BettyGoldsteinmarriedCarlFriedanzatheaterdirectorwholaterbecameanadvertisingexecut
8、ive.Theyhadachild,thefirstofthree.TheFriedansweretoremainmarrieduntilnineteensixty-nine.VOICETWO:WhenBettyFriedanbecamepregnantforthesecondtime,shewasdismissedfromherjobatthenewspaper.Afterthatsheworkedasanindependentreporterformagazines.Buthereditorsoftenrejectedherattemptstowriteaboutsubjectsoutsi
9、dethetraditionalinterestsofwomen.Innineteenfifty-seven,Friedanstartedresearchthatwastohavefar-reachingresults.HerclassatSmithCollegewastogatherforthefifteenthanniversaryoftheirgraduation.Friedanpreparedanopinionstudyforthewomen.Shesentquestionstothewomenabouttheirlives.Mostwhotookpartinthestudydidno
10、tworkoutsidetheirhomes.Friedanwasnotcompletelysatisfiedwithherlife.Shethoughtthatherformercollegeclassmatesmightalsobedissatisfied.Shewasright.Friedanthoughttheseintelligentwomencouldgivealottosocietyiftheyhadanotheridentitybesidesbeinghomemakers.VOICEONE:Friedancompletedmorestudies.Shetalkedtoother
11、womenacrossthecountry.Shemetwithexpertsaboutthequestionsandanswers.Shecombinedthisresearchwithobservationsandexamplesfromherownlife.Theresultwasherbook,TheFeminineMystique,publishedinnineteensixty-three.Thebookattackedthepopularideaofthetimethatwomencouldonlyfindsatisfactionthroughbeingmarried,havin
12、gchildrenandtakingcareoftheirhome.Friedanbelievedthatwomenwantedmorefromlifethanjusttopleasetheirhusbandsandchildren.Thebooksaidwomensufferedfromfeelingsoflackofworth.Friedansaidthiswasbecausethewomendependedontheirhusbandsforeconomic,emotionalandintellectualsupport.VOICETWO:TheFeminineMystiquewasah
13、ugesuccess.Ithassoldmorethanthreemillioncopies.Itwasreprintedinanumberofotherlanguages.ThebookhelpedchangethelivesofwomeninAmerica.Morewomenbeganworkingoutsidethehome.Morewomenalsobeganstudyingtraditionallymalesubjectslikelaw,medicineandengineering.BettyFriedanexpressedthedissatisfactionofsomeAmeric
14、anwomenduringthemiddleofthetwentiethcentury.Butshealsomademanymenfeelthreatened.Later;criticssaidherbookonlydealtwiththeproblemsofwhite,educated,wealthy,marriedwomen.Itdidnotstudytheproblemsofpoorwhitewomen,singlewomenorminorities.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteensixty-six,BettyFriedanhelpedestablishNoWthe
15、NationalOrganizationforWomen.Sheservedasitsfirstpresident.Sheledcampaignstoendunfairtreatmentofwomenseekingjobs.Friedanalsoworkedonotherissues.Shewantedwomentohavethechoicetoendtheirpregnancies.Shewantedtocreatechild-carecentersforworkingparents.Shewantedwomentotakepartinsocialandpoliticalchange.Bet
16、tyFriedanoncespokeabouthergreathopesforwomeninthenineteenseventies:Liberatingourselves,wewillthenbecomeamajorpoliticalforce,perhapsthebiggestpoliticalforceforbasicsocialandpoliticalchangeinAmericaintheseventies.VOICETWO:BettyFriedanledahugedemonstrationinNewYorkCityforwomensrights.Demonstrationswerealsoheldinothercities.Ahalf-millionwomentookpartintheWomensStrikeforEqualityonAugusttwenty-sixth,
