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1、美国名人编剧/导演/演员/制片人乔治艾博特GeorgeAbbottWasKnownasMisterBroadwayplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:24repeatByNancySteinbach2005-11-26(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeSpecialEnglishprogram.PeopleinAmerica.EveryweekwetellaboutapersonimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Today,wetell
2、aboutthemanknownasMisterBroadway,GeorgeAbbott.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ExpertssayprobablynooneinthehistoryoftheAmericantheaterinfluenceditmorethanGeorgeAbbott.Helivedtobeonehundred-sevenyearsold.Heremainedactiveuntilhedied,Januarythirty-first,nineteenninety-five.YoucantellthehistoryoftheBroadwaytheaterareain
3、NewYorkCitybytellingthestoryofGeorgeAbbottslife.Hewroteplays.Hedirectedthem.Heproducedplays.Andheactedinthem.Hewasinvolvedinmorethanonehundredtwentyproductions.Someofhismostpopularshowsweremusicals.TheyincludeJumbo,PalJoey,CallMeMadam/PajamaGame/Fiorello!andDamnYankees.Insomeyears,hehadthreehitshows
4、atthesametime.VOICETWO:DamnYankeesopenedinNewYorkinnineteenfifty-five.GeorgeAbbotthelpedwritethemusicalplay.Andhedirectedit.ItwoneightoftheTonyawardsgiveneachyearforthebesttheaterproductionsonBroadway.Innineteenninety-four,anotherperformanceofDamnYankeesopenedonBroadway.GeorgeAbbotthelpedwiththeprod
5、uction.Hewasonehundredsixyearsold.DamnYankeesisaboutabaseballplayerontheWashingtonSenatorsbaseballteam.Hesellshissoultothedevilsothesenatorswillwinthechampionship.Amajorpersonintheplayisabeautifulwomanwhoworksforthedevil.HernameisLola.OneofthebestknownsongsfromthatshowisWhateverLolaWants:(MUSIC)VOIC
6、EONE:GeorgeFrancisAbbottwasbornineighteeneighty-seveninNewYorkState.HisfamilymovedtothewesternstateofWyomingwhenhewaselevenyearsold.GeorgeworkedasacowboyduringsummersbeforethefamilymovedbacktoNewYorkState,nearthecityofBuffalo.HeattendedtheUniversityofRochester;whereheplayedfootballandtookpartintheac
7、tingclub.HethenstudiedplaywritingatHarvardUniversity.Innineteentwelve,hewononehundreddollarsforaplayhewrotecalledTheManintheManhole.GeorgeAbbottmovedtoNewYorkCityinnineteenthirteen.Buthehadaslowstartinthetheater.Hedidnotgetmanyactingjobs.Twoyearslater,hebecameanassistanttoatheaterproducer.Soonhewasd
8、eeplyinvolvedwithre-writingplaysandproducingthem.Hehadhisfirsthitshowinnineteentwenty-six.ItwascalledBroadway.VOICETWO:GeorgeAbbottworkedinHollywood,too.Hewasinvolvedinproducingelevenmoviesbetweennineteentwenty-eightandnineteenfifty-eight.AllQuietontheWesternFrontwasoneofthemostpraised.Healsoproduce
9、dfilmsofthemusicalplaysDamnYankees,WheresCharley.AndThePajamaGame.Afewweeksbeforehisdeath,MisterAbbottreportedlywasworkingonanewversionofThePajamaGame.Themusicalplayisaboutworkersinapajamafactory.Theclothingworkersareplanningtostrikeformorepay.Howmuchmore?Sevenandahalfcents.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Beginning
10、innineteentwenty,GeorgeAbbotthadatleastoneplayonBroadwayeachyear.Sometimestherewereasmanyasfive.MisterAbbottlikedworkingwithyoungzunknownactors.Heoncesaidaproducerwasbetteroffifhedidnothaveastarinhisshow.Hesaidworkingwithoutastarsavesmoneyanddamagetothenerves.ThatiswhyGeorgeAbbottgaveactingjobstoact
11、orswhowereunknownatthetime.Manybecameveryfamous.HelenHayes,GeneKelleyzEddieAlbert,ShirleyMacLaine,andCarolBurnettarejustafew.Healsohelpedunknownsongwriters,dancersandproducerslikeHaroldPrince,LeonardBernstein,BobFosseandJeromeRobbins.GeorgeAbbottchangedtheAmericantheaterinmanyways.Hewasthefirsttopro
12、ducemusicalshowsthatwereseriousdramas,notjustlightlovestories.Andhewasthefirstproducertouseballetdancersinamusicalshow.HeworkedwiththeballetexpertGeorgeBalanchine.Thatwasinnineteenthirty-six.TheplaywasOnYourToes.ThemusicwasSlaughteronTenthAvenue.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:GeorgeAbbottwonjustabouteveryawardaper
13、soncanwininthetheater.HereceivedaspecialTonyawardforhislifetimeofwork.HealsoreceivedtheKennedyCenterlifetimeachievementawardinnineteeneighty-two.AndhewonTonyawardsforfourofhismusicalshowsincludingFiorello!Fiorello!alsowonthePulitzerPrizefordramaafteritopenedinnineteenfifty-nine.ItisaboutthelifeofFio
14、relloLaGuardia,themayorofNewYorkCityduringthenineteenforties.ManycriticssaidthesongLittleTinBoxwasthebestintheshow.Itmakesfunofthewaypoliticianstrytoexplaintheiractionswhentheyareaccusedofspendingpublicmoneyfortheirownuse.HereisLittleTinBoxfromFiorello!:(MUSIC)VOICEONE:GeorgeAbbottearnedmillionsofdo
15、llarsinthetheater.Buthedidnotspendhismoneyfreely.Healwayshelpedthepoor;however.Andhequietlyprovidedmoneytoproduceshowsthatnooneelsewouldsupport.MisterAbbottwasmarriedthreetimes.Hehadadaughterwhoalsoworkedinthetheater.Shediedinnineteeneighty-four.VOICETWO:GeorgeAbbottwasalwaysinvolvedinnewprojects,us
16、uallyseveralatonetime.Buthealwaystookcareofhishealth.Hesaiditwasimportanttoeatthreemealsadayandgetenoughsleepeachnight.Healwaysworeasuitandtie.Andhealwayssaidwhatwasnecessary,notawordmore.ForMisterAbbott,theplaywasthemostimportantthing,andnothingwaspermittedtointerfere.Actorsandpeoplewhowenttohisplayslovedhimforit.WhenGeorgeAbbottcelebratedhisonehun
