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1、美国名人音乐人约翰路易斯JohnLewisoftheModernJazzQuartetplaystopmutemaxvolume00:0014:46repeatByCynthiaKirk2004-10-16(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPEOPLEINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutpianistJohnLewis.HecreatedoneofoneofthemostfamousjazzgroupsinAmerica,theModer
2、nJazzQuartet.VOICEONE:JohnLewiswasknownforhiscreativity.HewasaskilledpianoplayerandmusicaldirectoroftheModernJazzQuartetforalmostfiftyyears.Hewroteandarrangedallthemusicforthesmallgroup.MisterLewiswasresponsibleforthegroupssoundanditsidentity.JohnLewiswasinterestedinjazz,bluesandbebob,amusicwithagre
3、atdealofenergy.YethewasalsogreatlyinfluencedbyhistraininginEuropeanclassicalmusic.Classicalmusicisexpressiveandintense,butisalsostructured.Hethoughtjazzshouldbepresentedthesameway.JohnLewiscombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazztocreatesongsforhimselfandthethreeothermembersofhisquartet.Hebelievedm
4、usicshouldbesimpleandclear,yetplayedinameaningfulway.HereisoneoftheModernJazzQuartetsbighits,Django.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:JohnLewiswasgreatlyinfluencedbythepianostyleofthefamousjazzbandleader,CountBasie.LikeBasiezLewisbelievedinmakingeverynoteofmusiccount.Hedependedasmuchonsilenceashedidonnotestogethismes
5、sageacross.JohnLewisoftenusedaformofmusiccalledfugue.Fugueisaseriesofopposingmelodiesusedtocreateacomplexeffect.MisterLewisalsocombinedwrittenmusicwithmusicthatthegroupinventedasitwentalong.Thisnewkindofjazzattractedbothloversofjazzandclassicalmusic.ItalsoappealedtopeoplewhodidnotnecessarilyIikejazz
6、.HereisanexampleoffugueinthesongAlexandersFugue.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:TheModernJazzQuartetincludedJohnLewis,MiltJackson,PercyHeathandConnieKay.Thegroupmadeitsfirstrecordinginnineteenfifty-two.Andtheycontinuedtoplaytogether,withasevenyearbreak,untilnineteenninety-nine.JohnLewiswasasconcernedaboutappearance
7、sashewasaboutthemusic.Themusicianshadtodresswellforeveryperformance.Theyplayedmostlyinconcerthallsinsteadofsmalldanceclubs.Lewisbelievedjazzshouldreceivethesamerespectasclassicalmusic.VOICETWO:JohnLewiswasborninLaGrange,Illinois,innineteentwenty.HegrewupinAlbuquerquefNewMexico.Hestartedplayingthepia
8、nowhenhewasseven.Asateenager,heplayedprofessionallyinchurchesaroundAlbuquerque.Hesoonwasplayinginlocaldancehalls.1.ewisstudiedanthropologyandmusicattheUniversityofNewMexico.Innineteenforty-two,hejoinedtheArmyandservedinEuropeduringWorldWarTwo.Afterthewar,LewismovedtoNewYorkCityandplayedinDizzyGilles
9、piesbigband.HealsostudiedforhismastersdegreeattheManhattanSchoolofMusic.VOICEONE:JohnLewisplayedintherhythmsectionofGillespiesband.OthermembersweredrummerKennyClarkezbassplayerRayBrownandvibraphoneplayerMiltJackson.Thefouroftenperformedtogetherwhilethehornplayersinthebandrested.Thefourbandmemberscon
10、tinuedtoworktogetherafterleavingDizzysgroupinthelatenineteenforties.Atthattime,theywerecriticizedfornotplayingtruejazz.Buttheycontinuedanyway.RayBrownandKennyClarkesoonleftthegroup.BassplayerPercyHeathanddrummerConnieKayreplacedthem.Innineteenfifty-two,thegroupbecametheModernJazzQuartetandestablishe
11、ditsownidentity.VOICETWO:Innineteenfifty-six,theModernJazzQuartetplayedaseriesofconcertsinEurope.ThegrouphelpedmakejazzpopularwithmanymusiclistenersinEurope.ThemembersofthequartethadbecomemajorstarsbythetimetheyreturnedtotheUnitedStates.TheModernJazzQuartetcontinuedtoperformallovertheworldforsold-ou
12、tcrowdsuntilthelatenineteenseventies.Peoplelovedthegroupsteamworkandtheiramazingsound.ListenasweplayVendome,anotherbighit.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:CriticssayJohnLewisslessismorepianostyleandMiltJacksonsenergyonthevibraphonewerethesecrettothegroupslong-lastingsuccess.Yetovertheyears,MisterJacksonexpresseddiss
13、atisfactionwithlimitsthatwereputonhistalents.Thegroupseparatedinnineteenseventy-four.However,themembersofthequartetreunitedaftersevenyears.TheyplayedtogetheruntilMiltJacksonsdeathinnineteenninety-nine.InadditiontohisworkwiththeModernJazzQuartet,JohnLewisworkedformanyyearsasmusicaldirectoroftheMonter
14、eyJazzFestivalinCalifornia.HewrotethemusicforseveralHollywoodfilms.HetaughtatHarvardUniversityandtheCityCollegeofNewYork.AndhehelpedestablishajazzschoolinMassachusetts.VOICETWO:Throughtheyears,JohnLewisworkedwithsomeofthebiggestnamesinjazz,includingtrumpetplayerMilesDavis.YetforallthepraiseLewisrece
15、ived,hewasknownforputtingtheinterestsofthegroupovertheIndividuaIJohnLewislivedaquietlifewithhiswife,MirjanazinNewYorkCity.InMarch,twothousandone,hediedofcancer.Hewaseightyyearsold.Hisdeathofficiallymarkedtheendofahistoricperiodinmodernjazz.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyCynthiaKirk.OuraudioengineerwasRoyBenson.mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffith.ListenagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
