《美国名人 画家 杰克逊·波洛克.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《美国名人 画家 杰克逊·波洛克.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在第壹文秘上搜索。
1、美国名人画家杰克逊波洛克JacksonPollockInventedaNewKindofPaintingThatChangedtheWayPeopleLookedatArtplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:32repeatByDanaDemange2005-10-15(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:AndmBobDoughtywithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellaboutthefamousartistJacksonPollockwhohelpedredefi
2、nemodernartintheUnitedStates.Pollockinventedanewkindofpaintingthatchangedthewaytheworldlookedatart.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Untilthetwentiethcentury,mostpaintingswererepresentational.Thismeansthatartistsrepresentedtheirsubjectsinawaythatwasrealisticandrecognizable.However,duringthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcent
3、ury,artistslikeJacksonPollockstartedtoexploreothermethodsofrepresentation.Whenhefirstbeganpainting,JacksonPollockpaintedrepresentationalobjectssuchaspeopleandanimals.However,heisfamousforhelpingtocreateawholenewartmovementcalledAbstractExpressionism.Anabstractimageisonewherethesubjectisnotrepresente
4、drealistically.Instead,theartistusescolorandshapestosuggestthemostgeneralqualitiesofthesubject.Expressionismisakindofartthatexpressesfeelingsandthoughts.AbstractExpressionismisartthatshowsemotionsandideasthroughnon-representationalforms.VOICETWO:InPollocksmostfamousworks,thereisnorecognizablesubject
5、.Hisartworksarelargesurfacesofcanvascompletelycoveredindifferentcolorsofpaint.However;Pollockdidnotstartoutasarevolutionarypainter.Hedevelopedtheartisticprocesshebecamefamousforovermanyyears.VOICEONE:JacksonPollockwasborninCody,Wyominginnineteentwelve.HegrewupinthestatesofArizonaandCalifornia.Polloc
6、klatersaidthatthewide-openlandofthesewesternareasgreatlyinfluencedhisexpansiveartwork.InnineteenthirtyhemovedeasttoNewYorkCitywherehestudiedattheArtStudentsLeague.There,PollockspentafewyearsstudyingwiththeartistThomasHartBentonwhopaintedimagesofeverydayAmericanlife.Pollocksearlyworksaresimilartohist
7、eacherskindofpainting.However,Pollockslowlyleftthistraditionalarteducationbehind.VOICETWO:Pollocksworkhadmanyotherinfluences.Forexample,helikedagroupofMexicanpainterswhomademurals.Muralsarelargeimagesthattheartistspaintdirectlyontoawall.SomeofthesepainterswereworkinginNewYorkCityinthenineteenthirtie
8、s,soPollockwasabletoseethemwork.Pollockborrowedseveralmethodsandideasfromtheseartists.Theyincludedtheuseoflargecanvases,themethodoffreelyapplyingpaintandhonoringoldandnewtraditions.VOICEONE:PollockwasalsoinfluencedbytheSpanishartistMiro.Mirowaspartofamovementofsurrealistpainters.Surrealistartiststho
9、ughtthattrueartcomesfromapartofthemindcalledtheunconscious.Theunconsciouscontrolstheareaofthemindthatproducesdreams.Pollockagreedwiththeseartiststhattheunconsciousmindwasanimportantforceincreatingart.Also,whenhewasinhislatetwenties,Pollocksufferedamentalbreakdown.Itwascausedinpartbydepressionanddepe
10、ndenceonalcohol.Asaresult,hewastreatedbyaJungianpsychoanalyst.Thisisaspecialkindofexpertinemotionalhealthwhoworkstounderstandtheunconsciousmind,dreams,andemotions.Pollockwasinfluencedbythiskindofinvestigationofhumanrelationsandemotions.Thisinsideworldwouldbecomethesubjectofhispaintings.VOICETWO:Inni
11、neteenforty-four;PollockmarriedLeeKrasnerwhowasalsoaskilledAbstractExpressionistpainter.ThenextyeartheymovedtoEastHampton,asmalltownonLongIslandinthestateofNewYork.ThecouplewantedtogetawayfromthebusylifeofNewYorkCity.Inthiscountryenvironmenttheycouldenjoynatureandhavemoretimetoworkontheirart.Nexttot
12、heirhousePollocksetupastudiobuildingwherehecouldcreatehisartwork.InthislargestudioPollockcreatedthepaintingsthatwouldmakehimfamous.VOICEONE:DuringtheseyearsJacksonPollockstartedtopaintinacompletelynewway.Hecreatedartthatwasveryphysical.Infact,hismethodissometimescalledactionpainting.Mostartistspaint
13、edonasurfacethatstooduprightorvertical.ButPollockputhislargecanvasesonthefloorsothathecouldmovearoundallfoursidesofhiswork.Healsousedveryliquidpaintssothathecouldeasilydropthepaintontohiscanvases.Thisdrippingmethodallowedhimtomakeenergeticworks.Hispaintingsareexplosionsofcurvinglines,shapesandcolors
14、.Inhisartyoucanseeeverymovementthathisarmmade.Youcanseehowhehadtomovehisbodyaroundthecanvas.VideosofPollockpaintingshowthisprocess,whichlookslikeapainterlydance.VOICETWO:Unlikeotherartists,JacksonPollockdidnotplanthewayhewantedhispaintingstolook.Manyartistsplantheirworksbymakingsmalldrawingsbeforepa
15、inting.Pollockdevelopedwhathecalledadirectmethod,applyingthepaintdirectlyontoanemptycanvas.Hepaintedbyfollowinghisimmediatethoughtsandemotions.Pollockcombinedcarefulmovementwithexactcolorandline.Thoughhispaintingsappearaccidental,theyrequiredcarefulcontrol.HereisarecordingofPollockdescribinghiswayof
16、painting.ItwastakenfromamovietheBritishBroadcastingCorporationmadeabouttheartistinnineteenninety-nine.(POLLOCK)VOICEONE:AsPollocksaid,hewantedtocreateartthatwasavisualrepresentationofthemotionandenergyofhisinsideworld.Hewasonceaskedwhyhedidnotpaintpicturesofobjectspeoplecouldidentify.Heansweredthatifyouwantedtoseeaflower,youcouldgolookatarealone.Hesaidthatwhatinterestedhimwasnotoutsideobjects.Pollocks
