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1、FuelCellHybridDriveTrainMasterThesisinEnergyEngineeringJanuary2021PatrykKinnSupervisors:JoachimLindstromAzraSelimovic1.arsBackstromExaminatior:RobertEklundAbstractThisthesispresentsafuelcellhybriddrivetrainstudyofa26tondistributiontruckregardingthefuelconsumption.Theinvestigationismadeusingamodelimp
2、lementedinSimulink.TheconceptvehicleisaVolvoFM9,wheretheconventionaldieselpowertrainisreplacedbyanelectricaldrivesystem.TheelectricalpropulsionmotorispoweredbyaprotonexchangemembranefuelcellassistedbyaLi-ionpoweroptimisedbattery.Thepowerratingsoftheinvestigatedfuelcellsarebetween150kWand350kWandthei
3、nvestigatedbatterycapacitiesrangefrom4.5kWhto22.6kWh.Twodrivecycles,whereonerepresentsurbandistributionwithnoroadinclineandtheotherrepresentssuburbandistributionincludingroadinclineareused.Byimplementingthreedifferentpowercontrolstrategies,itisshownthatthefuelconsumptioncanbereducedbyupto56%compared
4、totheconventionaldieselreferencevehicle.Theurbandistributiondrivecycleisfoundmoresuitableforthefuelcellvehicleapplication.A250kWfuelcelland13.6kWhbatteryconfigurationissuggestedfortheurbandistributiondrivecycle,reducingthefuelconsumptionby53%.Forthesuburbandistributiondrivecyclethesuggestedconfigura
5、tionconsistsofa350kWfuelcellanda17.8kWhbattery,reducingthefuelconsumptionby25%.AcknowledgementsThereareseveralpeoplethatIwouldliketomentionandthankexplicitlyfortheircontributionsduringthisthesiswork.Thesepeopleare: JoachimJindstromwhosupervisedmeandcontributedgreatlybyhisknowledgeandexperiencewithin
6、thefieldofelectricmachines.Iamgratefulforhiswarm,experiencedandopenmindedguidanceduringtheentireworkingprocessandsupportduringthefinalisationofthereport. AzraSelimovic,foransweringthatveryphonecallduringhertimeabroadthatledtotheworkonthisthesisandforinitiatingthisproject.Iappreciateheradviceduringmy
7、work. AndreasBoden,whotogetherwhitAzrainitiatedthisprojectandhandleditovertotheexperiencedguidanceofJoachim. PaulAdamswhocontributedwithexpertiseonissuesregardinghydrogenstorageandtheEnglishlanguage. JensGrootwhoprovidedthebatterymodelandpatientlyansweredallmyquestions. MikaelHolber,forcompanionship
8、andinterestingconversationsaboutfuelcelltechnology,martialartsandargentinetango. Theentiregroup6120forthewarmwelcomingIreceived,forcontinuouslyansweringmyquestionsandforgenerouslyprovidingabroadspectrumofexpertise.NomenclatureAA/FIwheelgSJ-IhHEVICEI-SAM1wheelioK1.HVdiesel1.HVh2IfactorMMH2MairmFrontA
9、reaofthevehicleTafelequationconstantVehicleaccelerationFuelcellstackareaDragcoefficientRollingfrictionElectricalVehicleFaradayconstantFuelCellVehicleDragforceForceduetomomentofinertiaofthewheelsForceduetogravityForceduetorollingresistanceSumoftheexternalforcesTractionforceAccelerationofgravityGibbsf
10、reeenergyTotalhydrogenconsumptionHybridElectricVehicleInternalCombustionEngineIntegratedStarterAlternatorMotorMomentofinertiaofthewheelsMomentofinertiaofthemotorCurrentdensityExchangecurrentdensitySpecificheatratio1.owerheatingvalueofdiesel1.owerheatingvalueofhydrogen1.engthfactorVehicleMassMolarmas
11、sofhydrogenMolarmassofairMasstransportconstantmMasstransportconstantnNumberofcellsCompressorinletpressureCompressoroutletpressureCompressorpowerPowerenteringthefuelcellPowerdeliveredbythefuelcellMotorpowerMaximummotorpowerWheelpowerAmbientpressurePartialpressuresofhydrogenPartialpressuresofwatervapo
12、urSaturationpressureofwaterP2RrrfSOCTTwheellllTm,naxTinTmodeKniaxVocVoOCVVbaseVmaxXgearS0CVohinactVmassTfc,system(icdciselo9h2PartialpressuresofoxygenGasconstantWheelradiusArea-specificresistanceStateofchargeTemperatureWheeltorqueMotortorqueMaximummotortorqueInlettemperatureMaximumoriginaloutputtorq
13、ueOpencircuitvoltageOpencircuitvoltageatstandardpressureandtemperatureVehiclespeedVehiclespeedcorrespondingtomotorbasespeedMaximumvehiclespeedGearratioDeltastareofchargeOhmicresistancelossesActivationlossesMasstransportationlossesFuelcellsystemefficiencyDC/DCconverterefficiencyIsentropicefficiencyEl
14、ectricefficiencyTotalmechanicalderivelineefficiencyInclineangleMolarflowofhydrogenairPairPdieselCOm(OnunotorCOtiuixtWheeICOwheeI(0wleelMolarflowofairAirdensityDieseldensityMotorspeedMaximummotorspeedMaximumwheelspeedWheelspeedWheelaccelerationTableofcontentIntroduction1Thefuelcellvehicle1Prerequisit
15、es3Purposeandgoal3Conceptvehicle3Dataandperformancespecification4Drivecycles4Sizing5Performance7Drivecycle10Themodelandcomponents11Thedriver11Thefuelcellsystem11Thefueltank12Thefuelcell13Thecompressor16Theauxiliaryload17Theelectricmotor17Thefinalgear19Thevehiclebody19Thebattery20Thecontroller20Controlstrategy20Powerdemand21Simulations21Batteryandfuelcellsizes21DeltaSOCcor
