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1、情态动词1.ean的基本用法:表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”,可与beableto转换。例:HecanspeakEnglish.=HeisabletospeakEnglish.Canyouplaybasketball?No,Ican,t.如果表示将来具备的能力,要用willheableto。例：IfIhaveagoodsleep,Iwillbeabletodotheproblem.表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。例：CanWegohomenow,please?一No,youcan,t.Youcanonlysmokeinthisroom.Youcan,tkeepthelibr
2、arybooksformorethanamonth.表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。例J：Whatcanhepossiblywant?在否定句中，否定形式皿!表示推测“不大可能例：Anybodycanmakemistakes.Thenewscan,tbetrue.与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议,在这里，也可用COUld使语气婉转例：Can/CouldWemeetagainnextweek?卜.周我们可以再见面吗？Whatshallwedo?我们怎么办呢？Wecan/couldtryaskingLucyforhelp.我们可以请露茜帮忙试试
3、看。Youcan/couldhelpmewiththecooking.你可以帮我做饭。【热身练习()1.IsthemanMr.Yang?Itbehim.HeIhaSWonetoChangshaforameeting.A.needn,tB.mustntC.can,t()2.Whatanamazingrobot!Itcookmorethan5,000dishes.A.shallB.needC.mustD.can)3.Thetallmanwithglassesovertherelookslikeourmathteacher.Itbehim.HeIhaSRoneabroadA.maynotB.must
4、ntC.cantD.needn,t)4.DidyouspendmuchtimedrivingbacktoyourhometownduringtheNationalDayholiday?Yes.Therewastoomuchtraffic.What,smore,drivingonthehighwaybeveryIdanRerOUsLsoyoubetoocareful.A.must;shouldB.can;can,tC.might;mustD.may;can,t)5.ICOUIdlIgotothemoviethisweekend,Dad?Yes,you.Butyouhavetoebackbefor
5、enine.A.shallB.mustC.needD.can()6.Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMr.Li?No,itbehim.Mr.Liismuchtaller.A.mustn,tB.maynoC.can,tD.needn,t()7.Thelakeissaidtobedry.Isthattrue?It.Look,somekidsareswimminginit.A.mustbetrueB.cantbetrueC.maynotbetrue()8.Listen!IsProfessorJohnsongivingareportinthehall?No,itbehim.Hehas
6、gonetoJapan.A.needn,tB.maynotC.mustn,tD.can,I()9.Canyouplaythepiano?Yes,I.Ioftenpracticeitonweekends.A.needn,tB.needC.can,tD.can()10.IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?No,itbeher.ShetoJapan.A.mustnt;hasgoneB.mustnt;hasbeenC.can,t;hasgoneD.can,t;hasbeen()11.MrSmithmusthavebeentoyourhomethismorning.一
7、No,he,becausehedidntknowmyaddress.A.couldn,tB.can,tC.mustn,tD.maynot()12.IsLucyknockingatthedoor?No.ItbeLucy.SheisinJapannow.A.needn,tB.mustC.can,t()13.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butitberathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would()14.Theydowellintheexam.A.canbeabletoB.beabletoC.canabletoD
8、.areableto()15.MayIhaveawordwithyou?No,you.mbusytoday.A.nccdn,tB.wouldn,tC.don,thavetoD.can,t()16.Whoistheboyoverthere?IsitJohn?No,itbehim.Johnismuchtaller.A.mustntB.maynotC.can,tD.needn,t()17.CanyouplayFrisbee,Jay?Yes,I.Itseasy.A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.may的基本用法：(1)表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。例：Youmay/caneifyou
9、wish.如果你想来，你就来Youmaynotpickflowersinthispark.本公园内不许摘花。(maynot表示按规定不许可，如果用mustnt则表示说话人不许可。)-Slsmokehere?我可以在这里抽烟吗？No,youImIStilI不行。(mustft表示明确的禁止。)肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。例：Itmayraintomorrow.明天可能会下雨。Thenewsmaynotbetrue.这个消息可能不会是真的。注意：如果在蜒问句I中表示“可能”，通常用can。例：Canitbetrue?那会是真的吗?Whocanhebe?他究竟是谁呢？(3)【注意】：-SI/we?-
10、Yes,youInIayl./-No,youImUStifd【热身练习】()1.一Sandy,isMrLiintheteachersofficenow?IamnotSUrd.Hebethere.A.mustB.cantC.mustn,tD.may()2.Wehaveagraduationceremonynextweek,IbUtImnotSUrdA.mustB.needC.might()3.WheresJane?ImnotSUilSheinthelibrary.A.mightbeB.mustbeC.can,tbe)4.TheybeleavingforYunnannextmonth.ButIrm
11、notsure.Wccanaskyourfatheraboutit.A.canB.mustC.mightD.should()5.WhatisyourmothergoingtodothisSaturday?mnotsure.Shegotoseemygrandmother.A.canB.mustC.may()6.Excuseme,wherearewegoingtohaveourclassmeeting?一mnotsure.Askourmonitor,please.Heknow.A.canB.mayC.needD.shall()7.-borrowthesemagazines?Sorry,onlyth
12、emagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed.A.MustB.WouldC.MayD.Need()8.Johnetoseeustonight,butheisntverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must()9.IhaveyourEnglishname,pleaseYes,Helen.HELEN.A.MustB.MayC.WillD.Need()10.Sheknowtheanswer,butmnotsure.A.maybeB.maybeC.mayD.must()11.Johnctoseeustonight,butheisn,tverysureyet
13、.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must()12.Iein,MrGreen?Yes,ein,please.A.MustB.NeedC.WillD.May3.must的基本用法：表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。例：Imustgonow,or11belate.Youmustbeherebyteno,clock.【注意】：表示必须时，must的否定式为nccdnt,或donthaveto,而不是ImIStn。也就是：一MustI/wedoitnow?-Yes,youjmust.-No,youIiIeediftHdoifthaveto.当must提问时，肯定回答用ImISto否定回答用IIee
14、dlt和donthaveto例：一MustIgowiththem?-No.you.needn,t,或donthaveto.表示推测,一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。例：Shedidntlookatme.Shemustbeangry.她不朝我看，一定是生气了。HeisgoodatEnglish.Hemustknowtheword.他英语好，准知道这个词。YoumustbeMr.Jones.想必您就是琼斯先生吧EmustVShavetomust和haveto都有”必须的含义，但侧重点不同：must强调说话者主观(自己)的看法。haveto强调客观(外力作用)的需要，也可以翻译为“不得不”。例如
15、：ImustgotoschoolandIcarnsomeKnOWlCdge.我必须会学校上课学一些知识。(自己要回)1havetogotoschoolbecausetheholidayisOVer.假期结束了我不得不回学校上课了。must没有人称和数的变化，而haveto有动词单三形式：hasto和动词过去式:hadto将来时：willhavetomustnot=mustn,t表示禁止()1.Thebiggestchallengeweallfaceistopreventfurtherenvironmentaldisasters.WeIiakCactionbeforeitistoolate.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might()!.Accordingtothenewtrafficrules,peoplewearahelmetwh
