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1、IncollaborationwithAccentureWpRL11ECONOMICFQRUMTransitiomngIndustrialClusterstowardsNetZero:NationalPolicyEnablementforIndustrialDecarbonization-PartIlWHITEPAPERNOVEMBER2023Images:GettyImagesContentsForeword3Executivesummary4TheTransitioningIndustrialClusterstowardsNetZeroinitiative61 Americas71.1 B
2、razil72 Europe112.1 Sweden112.2 Portugal143 AsiaandOceania163.1 BruneiDarussalam163.2 Thailand193.3 Malaysia223.4 India253.5 Japan283.6 UnitedArabEmirates314 Africa334.1 SouthAfrica33Conclusion37Contributors38Endnotes39DisclaimerThisdocumentispublishedbytheWorldEnomicForumasacontributiontoaproject,i
3、nsightareaorinteraction.Thefindings,interpretationsandndusionsexpressedhereinarearesultofacollatorativeprocessfacilitatedandendorsedbytheWorldEomicForumbutwhoseresultsdonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheWorldEconomicForum,northeentiretyofitsMembers,Partnersorotherstakeholders.2023WorldEnomicForum.
4、Allrightsreserved.NopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedOrtransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingphotocopyingandrerding,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem.October 2023TransitioningIndustrialClusterstowardsNetZero:NationalPolicyEnablementforIndustrialDeCarboniZation-PartIlForewordJrgen Sa
5、ndstrm Head, Transforming Industrial Ecosystems, World Economic ForumMiguelGTorreiraManagingDirector,GlobalStrategy,Trading,InvestmentsandOptimisation(ATIOS),AccentureWeunderstandtheimportanceofdecarbonizationofindustrialclustersinachievingnetzeroandthecrucialrolethatregulatorsandpolicy-makersplay.P
6、ublic-privatecollaborationhasreachedall-timehighsastechnologyandpolicyinnovationhaveenabledmorerobustandacceleratedgrowthingreensolutionsforindustry.AstheTransitioningIndustrialClusterstowardsNetZeroinitiativeexpandsintonewgeographies,wehavedevelopedadditionalcomprehensiveanalysesofthestrategiesanda
7、ctionsemployedbymultiplefederalgovernmentstopropelindustrialdecarbonization.Thisanalysiscomplementsourfirstpublication,TranSitiOninaIndUStrialCIUSterStowardsNetZero:NationalPOiiCVEnabIementforIndUStrialDeCarbOniZatiOmbyprovidinganuancedandconciseoverviewofanadditional10countries,includingourfirstcou
8、ntriesfromtheMiddleEastandAfrica.Thispaperwillprovideadeepdiveintothecontextualreasoningbehindtheindustrialclusterapproachfordecarbonization,whichhasseenincreasingadoptionbypolicy-makersglobally.Theanalysissupportsourinitiativecommunityof20industrialclusters,vering11countriesacrossfourcontinents,wit
9、hacumulativecarbonemissionsreductionorabatementpotentialof626milliontonnes.Thankyoutoallofthoseparticipatinginresearchandpolicyanalysesfortheirtimeandcontributionstothispaper.ExecutivesummaryStrongcollaborationinpartnershipsisnecessarytonavigatethecomplexthemesforindustrialclustersdecarbonization.In
10、dustrialclustershavebecomeafocalpointforgovernmentsworldwide,leadingtoariseininitiativestotackleindustrialcarbonemissions.Governmentmmitmentandinstitutionalalignmentserveaskeyenablersforacceleratingaction.ItisobservedthatEUpolicies,suchastheCarbonBorderAdjustmentMechanism(CBAM),haveastronginfluenceo
11、nindustrialdecarbonizationinothernationsincludingtheUnitedArabEmirates,BrazilandSouthAfrica.AmongcountriesinAsia,JapanandIndiaareleadingintermsofpolicyframeworksforhydrogen.Meanwhile,inemergingeconomies,policyframeworksforcarboncapture,utilizationandstorage(CCUS)arestillintheearlystagesofdevelopment
12、.Withthediversityinpolicyemphasis,itiscriticaltonotetheimportanceofthelocalcontextineachcountrystransitionjourneyandtoreadthispaperwithduerespectandconsiderationofthisdimension.ThispaperreviewsthelegislatedpoliciesdrivingindustrialdecarbonizationinaselectionoftennationsacrosstheAmericas,Europe,Asia-
13、Pacific,MiddleEastandAfrica,aswellastheenablingmechanismstopromoteacollaborative,market-orientedindustrialclustersapproach.Acrossthesepolicies,analysishasshownthefollowing:1. Thereisanoticeabletrendtowardspromotingtheadoptionofrenewableenergysources.Governmentsareimplementingdiversestrategies,settin
14、gmultiplegoalsforvariousrenewableenergysourcessuchasgreenhydrogen,solar,windandbiofuels.Foranumberofcountries,includingJapan,India,MalaysiaandSouthAfrica,thisapproachaimstoensureacomprehensiveandbalancedtransitiontowardscleanerandmoresustainableenergysolutions,withobservedemphasisonenhancingenergyse
15、curityandaccess.2. Theprioritizationofrenewablesisalsoreflectedintheportionoffundingorfinancialincentivesallocated,whichinmanycountriesissignificantlyhigherthantheallocationforothersolutionssuchasenergyefficiency,hydrogenandCCUS.3. Broadsetsoffiscalincentivesareinuse,includinggrants,subsidies,guarantees,taxincentives,aswellasmultilateralaidfunding.4. Inthenearterm,thedecarbonizationofindustriesisdrivenprimarilybytheswitchingofenergysourcestorenewablesinparallelwiththeelectrificationofindustrialheating,supportedbyarangeofgovernmentsubsidies,schemes,project
