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1、美国名人萨克斯管演奏家约翰克特兰JohnColtrane,1926-1967:Thefamoussaxophoneplayerhelpedmakemodernjazzpopulararoundtheworldplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:20repeatByShelleyGollust2007-4-14VOICEONE:PEOPLEINAMERICA,aprograminSpecialEnglishbytheVoiceofAmerica.(MUSIC)Hewasoneofthegreatestsaxophoneplayersofalltime.Hewrotejaz
2、zmusic.Herecordednewversionsofpopularsongs.And,hehelpedmakemodernjazzpopular.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.Tday,wetellaboutmusicianJohnColtrane.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:JohnColtranewasborninthestateofNorthCarolinainnineteentwenty-six.HewasraisedinthesmallfarmtownofHighPoint.Bothofhisgrandfatherswe
3、reclergymen.Asayoungboy,hespentagreatdealoftimelisteningtothemusicoftheblackSouthernchurch.Coltranesfathersewedclothes.Heplayedseveralmusicalinstrumentsforhisownenjoyment.TheyoungColtranegrewupinamusicalenvironment.HediscoveredjazzbylisteningtotherecordingsofsuchjazzgreatsasCountBasieandLesterYoung.
4、VOICETWO:WhenJohnwasthirteen,heaskedhismothertobuyhimasaxophone.Peoplerealizedalmostimmediatelythattheyoungmancouldplaytheinstrumentverywell.Johnlearnedbylisteningtorecordingsofthegreatjazzsaxophoneplayers,JohnnyHodgesandCharlieParker.JohnandhisfamilymovedtoPhiladelphia,Pennsylvaniainnineteenforty-t
5、hree.HestudiedmusicforashorttimeattheGranoffStudiosandattheOrnsteinSchoolofMusic.VOICEONE:JohnColtraneservedforayearinaNavybandinHawaii.Whenhereturned,hebeganplayingsaxophoneinseveralsmallbands.Innineteenforty-eight,ColtranejoinedtrumpetplayerDizzyGillespiesband.Sevenyearslater,Coltranejoinedthejazz
6、groupofanothertrumpetplayer,MilesDavis.ThegroupincludedpianoplayerRedGarland,doublebassplayerPaulChambersanddrummerPhillyJoeJones.VOICETWO:Coltranebeganexperimentingwithnewwaystowriteandperformjazzmusic.Heexploredmanynewwaysofplayingthesaxophone.Somepeopledidnotlikethisnewsound.Theydidnotunderstandi
7、t.Otherssaiditwasanexpressionofmodernsoul.Theysaiditrepresentedanimportantchange.Jazzperformers,composersandothermusicianswelcomedthischange.Duringthenineteenfifties,Coltraneuseddrugsandalcohol.Hebecamedependentondrugs.Bandleadersdismissedhimbecauseofhisdruguse.Innineteenfifty-seven,Coltranestoppedu
8、singdrugs.VOICEONE:Innineteenfifty-nine,JohnColtranerecordedthefirstalbumofhisownmusic.ThealbumiscalledGiantSteps.Hereisthetitlesongfromthatalbum.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Coltranealsorecordedanotherfamoussongwithalargerjazzband.ThebandincludedMiltJacksononvibes,HankJonesonpiano,PaulChambersonbassandConnieKay
9、ondrums.HereistheirrecordingofStairwaytotheStars.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteensixty,ColtraneleftMilesDavisandorganizedhisownjazzgroup.HewasjoinedbyMcCoyTyneronpianozJimmyGarrisononbassandElvinJonesondrums.Thisgroupbecamefamousaroundtheworld.JohnColtranesmostfamousmusicwasrecordedduringthisperiod.Oneson
10、giscalledMyFavoriteThings.RichardRogersandOscarHammersteinhadwrittenthesongfortheBroadwaymusicalTheSoundofMusic.JazzcriticssayColtranesversionisoneofthebestjazzrecordingsevermade.Therecordbecameverypopular.Itledmanymorepeopletobecomeinterestedinjazz.(MUSIC:MyFavoriteThings)VOICETWO:CriticssayColtran
11、esversionsofotherpopularsongsinfluencedalljazzmusicwriting.OneofthesewasasongcalledSummertime.ItwaswrittenbyDuBoseHeywardandGeorgeGershwinfortheoperaPorgyandBess.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteensixty-four,ColtranemarriedpianistAliceMcCloudwholaterbecameamemberofhisband.Hestoppedusingalcohol,andbecamerelig
12、ious.Hewroteasongtocelebratehisreligiousexperience.Thesongismorethanthirtyminuteslong.ItiscalledALoveSupreme.Hereispartofthesong.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Bynineteensixty-five,Coltranewasoneofthemostfamousjazzmusiciansintheworld.HewasfamousinEuropeandJapan,aswellasintheUnitedStates.Hewasalwaystryingtoproducea
13、soundthatnoonehadproducedbefore.Someofthesoundshemadewerebeautiful.Otherswerelikeloudscreams.MilesDavissaidthatColtranewastheloudest,fastestsaxophoneplayerthateverlived.Manypeoplecouldnotunderstandhismusic.Buttheylistenedanyway.Coltranenevermadehismusicsimplertobecomemorepopular.Coltranecontinuedtop
14、erformandrecordevenashesufferedfromlivercancer.Hediedinnineteensixty-sevenattheageoffortyinLongIsland,NewYork.VOICEONE:ExpertssayJohnColtranecontinuestoinfluencemodernjazz.SomecriticssayoneofColtranesmostimportantinfluencesonjazzwashisuseofmusicalideasfromothercultures,includingIndia,AfricaandLatinA
15、merica.WhitneyBalliettofTheNewYorkerMagazinewroteaboutColtranetheyearafterhisdeath:Peoplesaidtheyheardthedarknight.inColtraneswildestmusic.Butwhattheyreallyheardwasaheroic.voiceatthemercyofitsownpower.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndImShirleyGriffith.JoinusagainnextweekatthistimeforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
