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1、Unit2Makingadifference2.3重点语法过去分词做定语一上法技巧一过去分词作定语的具体用法1 .意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。(1)表示被动和完成apollutedriver一条被污染的河流thewateredflowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被动fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳2 .位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismyd
2、aughter.=Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。Thequestiondiscussedwasveryimportant.讨论过的那个问题很重要。Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin2016.矗立在街道南落的那所房子是2016年建的。(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。Jthechangingworld变化着的世界the
3、changedWoHd改变了的世界JboilingWalel沸腾的水IboiledWater开水(developingCoUntrieS发展中国家developedCoUntrieS发达国家3 .过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(beingdone)与动词不定式的被动语态(tobedone)作定语的区别：Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。Thebuildingtobebuil
4、tnextmonthisourclassrmbuilding.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。形襄、语态时态done被动完成beingdone被动进行tobedone被动尚未发生跟踪训练一、单项选择1. Asthesoilwasmovedaway,theysawthefirsttimeinsomanyyearsthedamagetothetreasures.A.at;wasdoneB.for,doneC.when;doingD.that;hasdone2. Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,dlikeyoutolookatastudyin2012.A.
5、conductedB.conductingC.beingconductedD.wasconducted3. Tbmwassittingonthefloorbyboxes.A.surroundB.surroundingC.surroundedD.wassurrounded4. TheactivitybytheStudentUnionisquitepopularamongus.A.toorganizeB.organizingC.organizedD.whichorganized5. Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytimewithhisstuden
6、ts.A.spendingB.hasspentC.tospendD.spent6. Itisoneofthemostinterestingstoriesinthemagazinesofarthisyear.A.foundB.beingfoundC.tofindD.finding7. MostnotableoftheseisChinasdiscoveryofanice-likesubstance,ast4fireice,undertheSouthChinaSea.A.knowingB.tobeknownC.havingknownD.known8. Mostoftheartiststothepar
7、tywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited9. Thefitnessroomlastyearisthebiggestoneinmycity,butItosinceIill.A.beingbuilt:haventbeen;hadbeenB.havingbeingbuilt;hadntbeen;wasC.built;haventbeen;wasD.built;hadntbeen;hadbeen10. There,sanotetothedoorwhentheshopwillopenagain.A.pi
8、nned;sayingB.pinned;saysC.beingpinned;readingD.beingpinned;reads11. Friendship,onmutualrespectandfeelingsandactivities,tendstolastlong.A.based;sharedB.basing;sharedC.based;sharingD.basing;sharing12. ThegoodsontheInternetarecheaperthanwebuyinshops.A.bebought;thatB.bought;thoseC.bought;thatD.bebought;
9、those13. Tomseldomacceptsanyhelptohimunlessheisreallyinneed.14. A.offeringB.offeredC.offerD.havingoffered15. 1.astweek,thegovernmentstartedaprogrammetohelppeoplewhohadbeenoutofworkforalongtime.A.designedB.todesignC.designingD.tobedesigned16. Withreferencetoyourposition,1havethepleasuretosaythat1amth
10、ejustpersonyouareaskingfor.A.beingadvertisedB.beingadvertisingC.advertisedD.advertising17. The14,hNationalGamesinXi,anmadeXi,anMiddleSchoolOfShaanxiProvincethefirstmiddleschoolthegames.A.beingheld;holdsB.held;heldC.held;toholdD.tobeheld;holds18. ItcanbehardforyoutoimaginewhattroubleIhavehadtheproble
11、msinthemeetingheldlastweek.A.todealwith;refertoB.dealingwith;referringtoC.dealingwith;referredtoD.todealwith;referredto19. ThoseguestsatthefrontrowcameherefromaEuropeancountrythismorning.A. who seatedB. seatingC. were sittingD. seated20. Rainforestsandburnedatsuchaspeedwilldisappearfromtheearthinthe
12、nearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.beingcutD.arebeingcut21. Withtrees,bushes,andcolorfulflowersalongtheriversides,theparklastyearshowsdifferentsidesofbeautyindifferentseasons.A.grown,accomplished;B.growing,accomplishing;C.21.A.22.A.23.A.24.A.C.25.A.26.A.27.A.togrow,toaccomplish;D.growing,accomplishedIborrowe
13、dabookbyMarkTwainfromthelibrary.towriteB.writtenC.writingD.wroteThousandsofproductsfromcoalarenowindailyuse.madeB.makeC.makingD.tomakeSheaskediftherewasanythingfortonight.toplanB.plannedC.thatplansD.planningWithleavesintheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedfal
14、len;buryingD.falling;buriedIhavereadplentyofbooksbyLuXun.writtenB.wroteC.writesD.writingHisnephew,atseawhenhewasfifteen,hadbeenhisonlyrelative.losingB.losesC.lostD.beinglostThereweretoomanypeoplethematter.involvedinB.involvinginC.involvedD.involving28.A.C.Theheadmasterdecidedtoputglassontopofthewall
15、topreventtheboysbreaking;climbingB.broken;climbingbroken;toclimbD.breaking;toclimb_overit.29.A.30.A.Theaudienceseating；fixingB.ThefilmonbasedB.beforeTVsetsarelisteningtothehero,sstorieswiththeireyessealed；fixingC.seated；fixedD.seating；fixedthenovelbySimpsonhasgotthefirstprizeintheOscarfilmfestival.basingC.basesD.beingbased_uponhim.二、用单词的适当形式完成句子31. Thequestion
