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1、名师原创:Unit2单元考点突破词汇精讲1. contributionn.捐款;捐献物;贡献;稿件;作品【原句再现】.Talkaboutthecontributionthesepeoplemadetosociety.【词块积累】contributevt.&vi.捐助;捐献;贡献;造成/促使(某事发生);投(稿);撰(稿)contributorn捐款人;撰稿人;起作用的因素contribute(sth)tosth对.奉献.contribute(money)totheRedCross向红十字会捐钱contributeto对做出贡献,对.起作用【精品例句】Itwasgenerousofhertoco
2、ntributesuchalargesumofmoney.她很大方,捐了这么一大笔钱Henevercontributes(ideas)tothediscussion.他在讨论时从不发表意见Alcoholcontributesto100,000deathsayearintheUS.在美国,酒精每年造成10万人死亡Stressisacontributingfactorinmanyillnesses.压力是诸多疾病的致病因素Shecontributedanumberofarticlestothemagazine.她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章Igaveacontributionof$100to/towa
3、rdthechurch.我给教堂捐了100美元Thisisamagazinewithcontributionsfromwell-knowntravelwriters.这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。【高考链接】IadmireEdisonalotbecauseofhisgreatcontributiontheWOiid.(湖南卷)(to/toward)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式ImmigrantshavecontributedtheBritishcultureinmanyways,(to/toward)2. reliefn.减轻,缓解【原句再现】Thea
4、mountofreliefandcomfortexperiencedbythesickaftertheskinhasbeencarefullywashedanddried,isoneofthecommonestobservationsmadeatasickbed.【词块积累】relievevt.使减轻,使解除(痛苦/忧愁)toone,srelief令人宽慰的是/令人释怀的是inrelief如释负重,松了口气【精品例句】Toourgreatrelief,theaccidentcausedlittledamage.令我们宽慰的是,事故造成的损失很小Thedoctorsaiditwasonlyasl
5、ightwound.Whatarelief.医生说,只是轻伤,谢天谢地Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindtheygetrelieffromthismedicine.那些饱受头疼折磨的将会发现使用这些药物可以缓解疼痛Hearingthathehadpassedtheexam,hesighedinrelief.听说自己通过了考试,他松了口气IfeltgreatreliefwhenIheardIhadpassedtheexamination.当我听说我考试通过的时候,我感到轻松多了Itwasarelieftobeabletotalktosomeoneaboutit.
6、能和别人谈谈这件事,感到舒心多了【高考链接】Dontworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.(江苏卷)!lltellDadthere,snothingserious.A.WhatareliefB.CongratulationsC.HowsurprisingD.msorry(八)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Muchherrelief,shesawthedooropen.(to)Shelongedforsomethingto(reliethetirednessofeverydaylife,(relieve)3. short
7、agen.短缺,不足,缺乏【原句再现】Freshwatershortagelessthan1,OOOm3capitayear【词块积累】shortadj.短的;不足的;矮的,低的shorts短裤ShOrtenVt.使变短,缩短;反义词是:Iengthenshortlyadv.立刻,不久shortlyafter后不久shortcomingn.缺点,短处overcomeshortcomings克月艮缺点inShort总之,简言之cut/makealongstoryshort长话短说food/water/housingshortage.食物/用/住房短缺beshortfor是简称,缩写beshort
8、of缺少【精品例句】HeistooshorttobecomeabasketballPIayer.他太矮,当不了篮球运动员Thebusstopisashortwayoff.公交站离这里不远HisanswerwasshortandtothePOint.他的回答简明切题UNisshortforUnitedNations.UN是UnitedNations的缩写Heisshortoffundsrightnow.他目前缺资金Thereportseemedtobeshortoffacts.这个报告似乎缺乏事实依据Inshort,Iwilldomybesttohelpmakethesportsmeetinga
9、success.总之,我会尽力促成此次运动会的成功Toovercomeashortageofmedicalstaff,10doctorshavebeenemployedfromoverseas.为解决医务人员不足问题,已从海外聘请了十名医生Smokingshortensyourlife.吸烟会减寿Hefinishedadifficulttaskonhisownshortlyafterheenteredthecompany.他进公司后不久就独立完成了一项艰巨任务【高考链接】Whydidn,tyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?Ihadplannedto,butIwas5
10、0A.fewerB.lessC.cheapD.short(D)TheshopkeepergaveUSweightwegot9kilosinsteadof10kilos.A.scarceB.shortC.lightD.slight(B)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式WHOisshortWorldHealthOrganization,whichisdevotedtohelpingimprovetheworldshealthcondition.Butnowitisshortenoughexperiencedmedicalworkers.Anditalsofinds
11、theoffreshwatermadethelivingconditionsworseinsomecountries.(for;of;shortage)4. effectiveadj.有效的;生效的【原句再现】NowtickthesolutionsthatyouthinkaremosteffectivetosupplyAfricawithfreshwater.【词块积累】effectn.结果;效力;作用;影响effectivelyadv有效地efficiency效率;效能greenhouseeffect温室效应bring/put.,intoeffect实施;实行ineffect在实施中;有效t
12、akeeffectivemeasures/steps采取有效措施takeeffect,相当于ComeintoeffeCt生效;起作用【精品例句】Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld.全球变暖正在对世界上数百种动植物物种产生重大影响Somelawsfromtheeighteenthcenturyarestillineffect.一些18世纪的法律至今仍然有效Thesemeasuresarejustbeginningtotakeeffect.这些措施刚开始见效【高考链接】Th
13、emoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecame(effect)atfindingandcatchingthem.(广东卷)(effective)Ifyoucanfindwhateverlearningmethodsuitsyou,yourlearning(effective)islikelytoimprovegreatly.(上海课改卷)(efficiency)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Itisuncertainwhatside(effectively)themedicinewillbringabout,(effect)5. ea
14、rnvt.挣(钱);赚得,挣得;博得;.赢得【原句再现】Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.【词块积累】earnings薪水,工资earnascholarship获得奖学金earnanincome/afortune挣收入/大钱earnmoney=makemoney挣钱earnones/aliving谋生earnonesfame/areputation赢得名声【精品例句】Heearnedpraiseforhonesty.他因诚实而赢得了赞扬Rentingyourhouseoutasa“filmset“c
15、ouldearnyouhundredsofpoundsaday.把房子租出去作为拍摄背景一天能挣几百英镑Heearnsa/hislivingbydoingoddjobs.他靠打零工谋生Howmuchdoesacookearninyourcountry?在你们国家,一位厨师能挣多少钱?IwanttoearnalotofmoneywhenIgrowup.长大后,我想挣大钱Heworkshard,buthedoesnotearnmuchmoney.他工作很努力,但钱赚得不多【高考链接】Youareoldenoughtoyourownliving.(辽宁卷)A.winB.gainC.takeD.earn(D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Howdoessheearn(she)livingaftersheleftherfamily?(her)He(earn)agoodreputationasateachersincehegraduated,(hasearned)6. undercontrol在控制中;情况正常【原句再现】.itsthebestsm