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1、美国名人画家杰克逊波洛克JacksonPollock,1912-1956:HeInventedaNewKindofPaintingplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:32repeatByDanaDemange2010-2-20FAITH1.APIDUS:mFaith1.apidus.BOBDOUGHTY:AndmBobDoughtywithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellaboutthefamousartistJacksonPollockwhohelpedredefinemodernartintheUnit
2、edStates.Pollockinventedanewkindofpaintingthatchangedthewaytheworldlookedatart.(MUSIC)FAITH1.APIDUS:JacksonPollockUntilthetwentiethcenturyzmostpaintingswererepresentational.Thismeansthatartistsrepresentedtheirsubjectsinawaythatwasrealisticandrecognizable.However;duringthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentu
3、ry,artistslikeJacksonPollockstartedtoexploreothermethodsofrepresentation.Whenhefirstbeganpainting,JacksonPollockpaintedrepresentationalobjectssuchaspeopleandanimals.However,heisfamousforhelpingtocreateawholenewartmovementcalledAbstractExpressionism.Anabstractimageisonewherethesubjectisnotrepresented
4、realistically.Instead,theartistusescolorandshapestosuggestthemostgeneralqualitiesofthesubject.Expressionismisakindofartthatexpressesfeelingsandthoughts.AbstractExpressionismisartthatshowsemotionsandideasthroughnon-representationalforms.BOBDOUGHTY:InPollocksmostfamousworks,thereisnorecognizablesubjec
5、t.Hisartworksarelargesurfacesofcanvascompletelycoveredindifferentcolorsofpaint.However,Pollockdidnotstartoutasarevolutionarypainter.Hedevelopedtheartisticprocesshebecamefamousforovermanyyears.(MUSIC)FAITH1.APIDUS:JacksonPollockwasborninCody,Wyominginnineteentwelve.HegrewupinthestatesofArizonaandCali
6、fornia.Pollocklatersaidthatthewide-openlandofthesewesternareasgreatlyinfluencedhisexpansiveartwork.InnineteenthirtyhemovedeasttoNewYorkCitywherehestudiedattheArtStudents1.eague.There,PollockspentafewyearsstudyingwiththeartistThomasHartBentonwhopaintedimagesofeverydayAmericanlife.Pollocksearlyworksar
7、esimilartohisteacherskindofpainting.However,Pollockslowlyleftthistraditionalarteducationbehind.BOBDOUGHTY:Pollocksworkhadmanyotherinfluences.Forexample,helikedagroupofMexicanpainterswhomademurals.Muralsarelargeimagesthattheartistspaintdirectlyontoawall.SomeofthesepainterswereworkinginNewYorkCityinth
8、enineteenthirties,soPollockwasabletoseethemwork.Pollockborrowedseveralmethodsandideasfromtheseartists.Theyincludedtheuseoflargecanvases,themethodoffreelyapplyingpaintandhonoringoldandnewtraditions.FAITH1.APIDUS:PollockwasalsoinfluencedbytheSpanishartistMiro.Mirowaspartofamovementofsurrealistpainters
9、.Surrealistartiststhoughtthattrueartcomesfromapartofthemindcalledtheunconscious.Theunconsciouscontrolstheareaofthemindthatproducesdreams.Pollockagreedwiththeseartiststhattheunconsciousmindwasanimportantforceincreatingart.Also,whenhewasinhislatetwenties,Pollocksufferedamentalbreakdown.Itwascausedinpa
10、rtbydepressionanddependenceonalcohol.Asaresult,hewastreatedbyaJungianpsychoanalyst.Thisisaspecialkindofexpertinemotionalhealthwhoworkstounderstandtheunconsciousmind,dreams,andemotions.Pollockwasinfluencedbythiskindofinvestigationofhumanrelationsandemotions.Thisinsideworldwouldbecomethesubjectofhispa
11、intings.BOBDOUGHTY:YellowzGrey,BlackInnineteenforty-four;Pollockmarried1.eeKrasnerwhowasalsoaskilledAbstractExpressionistpainter.ThenextyeartheymovedtoEastHampton,asmalltownon1.ongIslandinthestateofNewYork.ThecouplewantedtogetawayfromthebusylifeofNewYorkCity.Inthiscountryenvironmenttheycouldenjoynat
12、ureandhavemoretimetoworkontheirart.NexttotheirhousePollocksetupastudiobuildingwherehecouldcreatehisartwork.InthislargestudioPollockcreatedthepaintingsthatwouldmakehimfamous.(MUSIC)FAITH1.APIDUS:DuringtheseyearsJacksonPollockstartedtopaintinacompletelynewway.Hecreatedartthatwasveryphysical.Infact,his
13、methodissometimescalledactionpainting.Mostartistspaintedonasurfacethatstooduprightorvertical.ButPollockputhislargecanvasesonthefloorsothathecouldmovearoundallfoursidesofhiswork.Healsousedveryliquidpaintssothathecouldeasilydropthepaintontohiscanvases.Thisdrippingmethodallowedhimtomakeenergeticworks.H
14、ispaintingsareexplosionsofcurvinglines,shapesandcolors.Inhisartyoucanseeeverymovementthathisarmmade.Youcanseehowhehadtomovehisbodyaroundthecanvas.VideosofPollockpaintingshowthisprocess,whichlookslikeapainterlydance.BOBDOUGHTY:Unlikeotherartists,JacksonPollockdidnotplanthewayhewantedhispaintingstoloo
15、k.Manyartistsplantheirworksbymakingsmalldrawingsbeforepainting.Pollockdevelopedwhathecalledadirectmethod/applyingthepaintdirectlyontoanemptycanvas.Hepaintedbyfollowinghisimmediatethoughtsandemotions.Pollockcombinedcarefulmovementwithexactcolorandline.Thoughhispaintingsappearaccidental,theyrequiredca
16、refulcontrol.HereisarecordingofPollockdescribinghiswayofpainting.ItwastakenfromamovietheBritishBroadcastingCorporationmadeabouttheartistinnineteenninety-nine.JACKSONPO1.1.OCK:SometimesIuseabrushbutoftenpreferusingastick.SometimesIpourthepaintstraightoutofthecan.Iliketouseadripping,fluidpaint.Amethodofpaintingisanaturalgrowthoutofaneed.Iwanttoexpressmyfeelingsratherthanillustratethem.FAITH1.APID
