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1、美国名人记者卡尔罗万CarlRowan,1925-2000:ThefirstblackdirectoroftheUnitedStatesInformationAgency.playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:41repeatByCynthiaKirk2009-10-31(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmDougJohnsonwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PEOP1.EINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutthelifeofwriterandreporter,Car
2、lRowan.HewasoneofthemosthonoredreportersintheUnitedStates.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:CarlRowanwasknownforthepowerfulstoriesthathewroteformajornewspapers.HiscolumnswerepublishedinmorethanonehundrednewspapersacrosstheUnitedStates.Hewasthefirstblacknewspapercolumnisttohavehisworkappearinmajornewspapers.CarlRowanc
3、alledhimselfanewspaperman.Yet,hewasalsoawriterofbest-sellingbooks.HewroteaboutthelivesofAfricanAmericancivilrightsleader,ReverendMartin1.utherKingJuniorandUnitedStatesSupremeCourtJustice,ThurgoodMarshall.CarlRowanalsowasaradiobroadcasterandapopularpublicspeaker.Forthirtyyears,heappearedonaweeklytele
4、visionshowaboutAmericanpolitics.VOICETWO:CarlRowanCarlRowanwonpraiseovertheyearsforhisreportsaboutracerelationsinAmerica.HeprovidedapublicvoiceforpoorpeopleandminoritiesinAmerica.Heinfluencedpeopleinpositionsofpower.MisterRowanopenedmanydoorsforAfricanAmericans.HewasthefirstblackdeputySecretaryofSta
5、teintheadministrationofPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.AndhewasthefirstblackdirectoroftheUnitedStatesInformationAgencywhichatthetimesupervisedtheVoiceofAmerica.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:CarlRowanwasborninnineteentwenty-fiveinthesoutherncityofRavenscroftzTennessee.HegrewupduringtheGreatDepression,oneoftheworsteconomict
6、imesintheUnitedStates.Hisfamilywasverypoor.Hisfatherstackedwoodusedforbuilding,whenhehadwork.Hismotherworkedcleaningthehomesofwhitepeoplewhenshecould.TheRowanfamilyhadnoelectricity,norunningwater,notelephoneandnoradio.Carlsaidhewouldsometimesstealfoodordrinkwarmmilkfromthecowsonnearbyfarms.TheRowans
7、didnotevenhaveaclock.Asaboy,Carlsaidheknewifitwastimetogotoschoolbythesoundofatrain.Hesaidifthetrainwaslate,hewaslate.VOICETWO:Growingup,Carlhadverylittlehopeforanychange.TherewerenotmanyjobsforblacksintheSouth.Theschoolswerenotgood.Racialtensionswerehigh.1.awswereenforcedtokeepblacksandwhitessepara
8、te.ItwasateacherwhourgedCarltomakesomethingofhimself.BessieTaylorGwynntaughthimtobelievehecouldbeapoetorawriter.Sheurgedhimtowriteasmuchaspossible.Shewouldevengetbooksforhimbecauseblackswerebannedfrompubliclibraries.BessieTaylorGwynnmadesurethatCarlfinishedhighschool.Andhedid.Hegraduatedatthetopofhi
9、sclass.VOICEONE:CarlenteredTennesseeStateCollegeinnineteenforty-two.Healmosthadtoleavecollegeafterthefirstfewmonthsbecausehedidnothaveenoughmoney.Butonthewaytocatchabus,hisluckchanged.Hefoundthetwentydollarsheneededtostayincollege.CarlRowandidsowellincollegethathewaschosenbytheUnitedStatesNavytobeco
10、meoneofthefirstfifteenblackNavyofficers.Hesaidthatexperiencechangedhislife.CarlservedonshipsduringWorldWarTwo.Afterward,hereturnedtocollegeandgraduatedfromOberlinCollegeinOhio.HewentontoreceivehismastersdegreeinjournalismfromtheUniversityofMinnesota.VOICETWO:Innineteenforty-eight,CarlRowanbecamearep
11、orterfortheMinneapolisTribunenewspaperinMinnesota.Hewasoneofthefirstblackreporterstowriteforamajordailynewspaper.Asayoungreporter;hecoveredracialtensionsintheSouthduringthecivilrightsmovement.Innineteenfifty-six,hetraveledtotheMiddleEasttocoverthewarovertheSuezCanal.HealsoreportedfromEurope,Indiaand
12、otherpartsofAsia.Hewonseveralmajorreportingawards.VOICEONE:MisterRowansreportsonracerelationsintheSouthinterestedPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Innineteensixty-one,PresidentKennedyappointedMisterRowandeputyassistantSecretaryofState.HeservedasadelegatetotheUnitedNationsduringtheCubanmissilecrisisinnineteensi
13、xty-two.MisterRowanlaterwasappointedambassadortoFinland.DuringhisyearsinPresidentKennedysadministration,CarlRowangottoknow1.yndonB.Johnson.1.yndonJohnsonbecamepresidentafterPresidentKennedywasassassinatedinnineteensixty-three.Innineteensixty-four;PresidentJohnsonnamedCarlRowandirectoroftheUnitedStat
14、esInformationAgency.ThepositionmadehimthehighestlevelAfricanAmericanintheUnitedStatesgovernment.MisterRowansaidbeingchosentoheadtheUnitedStatesInformationAgencyandtheVoiceofAmericawasoneofthegreathonorsofhislife.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:InnineteenSiXty-five,CarlRowanleftthegovernmentandstartedwritingfornewsp
15、apers.Hewroteacolumnthattoldhisopinionsaboutimportantsocial,economicandpoliticalissues.Itappearedseveraltimesaweekinanumberofnewspapers.Radioandtelevisionjobsfollowed.MisterRowanoftenwroteintenselyaboutracerelations.Yet,hewrotewithmorefeelingaboutonesubjectthananyother:thateducationandhardworkwillhe
16、lpyoungAfricanAmericansmoveforward.CarlRowanwasangeredbytheideasofsomeyoungblacks.Hesaidtheybelievedthattostudyhardandperformwellinschoolwasactingwhite,Hedeploredtheideathatexcellenceisforwhitesonly.VOICEONE:Innineteeneighty-seven,MisterRowancreatedaprogramcalledProjectExcellence.Theprogramrewardsblackstudentswhodowellinschool.Overtheyears,theprogramhasprovidedmillionsofdollarstohelpAfricanAmericans
