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1、秘籍Ol阅读理解目录阅读理解【高考预测】阅读理解概率预测+题型预测+考向预测01【思维导图】阅读理解考点考向思维导图02【应试秘籍】阅读理解常考点及应对的策略02【误区点拨】阅读理解点拨常见的易错点03【抢分通关】阅读理解押题新高考方向,讲解通关策略(含新考法)09高考预测概率预测题型预测细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题考向预测体裁:应用文1篇、细节理解题7-8题、记叙文0-1篇、说明文1-3篇、议论文OJ篇推理判断题7-9题、主旨大意题1-2题、词义猜测题1题应试秘籍秘籍:高考意义阅读弄清文体类型,可以把握文体结构和写作特征,快速、准确地把握作者的写作思路、理解作者的写作意图。
2、高考意义阅读有应用文、记叙文、说明文和议论文。记叙文又可细分为小说、新闻报道、人物传记等。具体体裁结构如下:应用文:如书信、广告、日记等。文中具体细节题较多,阅读时应当采取先题后文法。以提高答题速度和精准度。记叙文:英语记叙文以描写叙述为主,主要体现记叙文六要素。其主题往往隐藏在字里行间或结尾点题。阅读记叙文应当采取略读和扫读的方法,从整体上快速抓住文章描写的主要内容,把握作者的写作意图和情感线索。说明文:英语说明文通常介绍最新科技发明、重大成就、流行现象等。总体结构通常分为三部分,说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。阅读时,首先要抓住文章说明的要点,即被说明对象的实质性特征。议论文:英语议论文由”
3、论点、论据、结论”三部分组成。借助某一现象引出论点,通过论据从各个层面加以推理论证,最后得出结论。应当把握每一段的主题句。误区点拨易错点一:细节理解题秘籍:细节理解题主要考查对文章中某一特定句子的理解,解题时可以使用快速阅读的方法,找到文章中对应的关键词,然后再仔细阅读相关的句子,理解其含义。具体步骤如下,第一步:采用先题后文法,先仔细审读题干,标出关键词。第二步,采用原词复现、近义词、同义词甚至反义词等方法,迅速在原文中查询关键词句,再精准翻译。第三步:核对选项,注意细节是否有替换或曲解。典例精讲(2024年九省联考)OneposterfromtheexhibitionHenryWellge
4、,stiYellowstoneNationalPark”from1904wasrecentlypurchasedwithdonatedfundsandisnowpartofUW1.ibrariesEmmettD.ChisumSpecialCollections.Wellge,aproductivebirds-eye-viewartist,designedthepiecefortheNorthernPacificRailroad,whichusedittoadvertisethepark.Thisisauniquepiece,asposterssuchasthisonewereprintedon
5、softpaperandveryfewhavesurvived.3.WhatdoWeknowaboutthe1904posterHenryWellgedesigned?A.Itisrareintheworld.B.Itisinblackandwhite.C.Itisprintedoncloth.D.Itisownedbyaprofessor.破解:第一步:审读题干,画出关键词the1904posterHenryWellge。第二步:根据最后一段UThiSiSaUniqUepiece,asposterssuchasthisonewereprintedonsoftpaperandveryfewha
6、veSUrViVed.(这是一件独特的作品,因为像这样的海报是印在软纸上的,很少有幸存下来)“可知,1904年亨利韦尔奇设计的海报在世界上很罕见。第三步:核对选项,同义词替换UniqUC对应rare。故选A。变式:(2024年浙江1月真题)Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecallnottoshelterfrom(herain.Agesagoright?ThelastlimeIusedaphoneboxfbritsintendedpurposewas2006.Iwasconductingaudition
7、s(试演)fbrmyplayinmytinyoldsharedhousein1.ondon.Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore,youngprofessional,AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewa
8、sinside,butluckilytherewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandladysmanagingagent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.5. Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?A.Toplaceanurgentcall.B.Ibputupanotice.C.Tbshelterfromth
9、erain.D.Toholdanaudition.破解:根据第二段第四句So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandladysmanagingagent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived4所以,我打电话给电话查号台,接通了女房东的经纪人,他们给了我一把备用钥匙,刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)“可知,作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。易错点二:推理判断题1.秘籍:推理判断题需要采用深度阅读法,采用文
10、题结合的阅读方式,理解文章中隐含的意思和逻辑关系,从而得出正确的推断。第一步:采用先文题结合法,阅读文章主旨段落,以便把握作者写作意图和方向。第二步:审读题干,提取关键词,定位到原文相关句子,再精准翻译。注意长难句的结构划分,长难句中常会设置题目。第三步:注意细节和逻辑关系,核对选项,得出正确答案。z典例精讲(204高三广东阶段练习)PhotographerXieJianguo,spassionforphotographingwildanimalsandpolarecologyisevidentinhisextensivetravels.Hehastraveledtodestinationss
11、uchasKenya,BotswanaandMadagascarninetimes.Furthermore,hehasvisitedtheArcticandAntarcticcontinentsmorethan30times.XiealsohasexploreddiverseregionsacrossEurope,NorthAmerica,SouthAmeriCa,AsiaandAustralia,catchingtheremarkablebeautyofnaturethroughhiscamerasonnumerousoccasions.Since2012,Xiehasredirectedh
12、iscamerastowardshishomeland,focusingontakingpicturesofwildlifeinChina.Nowhisfootprintshavecoverednearlyalltheprovincesandregionsthroughoutthecountry.Hehasexplorednearly100wildlifeprotectionareas,suchasSourceoftheThreeRivers,HohXil,QiIianMountainandXishuangbanna.FromtheadorablepandasinSichuantothepla
13、yfulPallas,scatsinInnerMongolia,Xiehasdevotedhimselftodocumentingthecountrysrareandendangeredanimals,whichshowcasesuniquenaturalandecologicalwondersofChina.WhatcanweIeamaboutXiefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A. HefocusedontakingpicturesofChinesewonders.B. Hewasenthusiasticaboutphotographingwildanimals.C.
14、 Hewenttomanyplacestoenjoythebeautifulscenery.D. Hetraveledabroadtoknowmoreaboutforeignculture.破解:推理判断题。根据第一段中“PhotographerXicJianguo,spassionforphotographingwildanimals(摄影师谢建国对拍摄野生动物的热情)”可知,谢热衷于拍摄野生动物,故选B。变式1:(2024河北保定一模)EHanghasambitionsbeyondChina,too.Thefirm,sclosestcompetitorsareVolocopter,aGer
15、mancompany,andapairofCalifomianfirms,JobyAviationandArcherAviation.AllthreeareconductingtestflightsofpilotedeVTO1.sofvariousdesigns.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A. EVTO1.swilldefinitelybringinahugeprofit.B. EVTO1.sarepopularworldwide.C. EHangmayfacechallengesinexpandingfuturemarket.D. EHangwil
16、limproveitsdesigntodefeatcompetitors.破解:推理判断题。根据最后一段“EHanghasambitionsbeyondChina,too.ThefirmsclosestcompetitorsareVolocopter,aGermancompany,andapairofCalifbmianfirms,JobyAviationandArcherAvialion.AllthreeareconductingtestflightsofpilotedeVTO1.sofvariousdesigns.”(亿航在中国以外也有野心。该公司最接近的竞争对手是德国的Volocopter公司,以及加州的两家公司JobyA