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1、词类词类：代词：代词：1both, either 和neitherboth: 二者都(复数) Both of the boys are clever.neither：二者都不（单数） Neither of the boys is clever. either： 二者中任何一个（单数） Either of the boys is clever. Both problems are not difficult. 2. other, another, the other, others, the othersanother: 泛指众多中的另一个， 又一个， I have finished the n
2、ovel. Please give me another (one) Would you like another (cup of tea)? They will stay in Beijing for another two days.other： 其他的， the other：两者中的另一个，用于 “one the other” 词组中 He has two sisters. One is a doctor, the other is a nurse.others: 代替或泛指其他的人或事the others: 表示在一定范围内的，剩下的人或事，其他所有的人或事 1.You may com
3、e on Tuesday or Wednesday, _ day will do.A allB bothC eitherD one2. Of the three foreigners, one is from Japan and _ two are from Korea.A otherB the other C someD any3.Our factory gave _ worker a bonus of 800 yuan at the end of the year to praise their hard-working.A eitherB everyC allD both4.Tove d
4、oes not know _ of them. She only knows a few of them.A allB noneC bothD any形容词、副词形容词、副词1. 同级比较： 肯定句： as 原级 as 否定句： not as/so 原级 as 倍数倍数/修饰词修饰词+ as as 倍数：half, twice, threetimes 修饰词：almost, nearly, exactly, quiteThe building is almost as high as that one.The book is three times as thick as that one.2
5、. 比较级的用法 数量/倍数/修饰词 + 比较级 + than修饰词：much, far, rather, even, a lot, a little, no(not any) He is two years older than his brother. Your house is twice larger than his.2个词组个词组：1. bigger and bigger lower and lower 比较级and 比较级 more and more beautiful 越来越 more and more wonderful In winter, the days are get
6、ting shorter and shorter.Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.2. the比较级, the比较级 : 越 , 就越The more you read, the more you know. The harder you study, the better result you will get.The farther he went, the more afraid he felt.How often: 问次数/频率，用twice, three times回答How long：问时间， 用20 minutes, two
7、 weeks回答How soon：问多快/多久以后， 用in 20minutes, in two weeks回答How far： 问多远， 用距离回答 20 minutes walk1. This brand of computer is _ more expensive than I expected.A plentyB a lot C plenty of D a lot of2. The more fruit and vegetables you eat, _ chance of getting cancer you have.A littleB lessC the less D the
8、least3. Staying in a four-star hotel for a night costs _ renting a house in the suburb（近郊） for a month.A twice as much asB twice moreC as much as twiceD as much twice as 情态动词：情态动词：1. mustnt 和neednt / dont have to You must keep it a secret. You mustnt tell anybody else. You can come with me if you li
9、ke but you neednt come if you dont want to.need to do (表示主动) We needed to look after the old man.need doing(表示被动) 同类require, want The old man needed looking after.2. should have done: 本应该(本该做但没有做) = ought to have done I should have arrived here this morning, but the traffic is too heavy. I wonder wh
10、y theyre so late. They should have been here an hour ago.3. 情态动词表示推测的用法1) cant (表推测多用否定式，意为“不可能”)（对现在、将来） It cant be true. 这不可能是真的。2) must : 表示肯定推测（对现在） You must be hungry after the long walk. 3) may: 表示可能性很小的推测（对现在、将来） He may be in his office.4) 表示对发生过的事的推测 must cant have done may Ive lost one of m
11、y gloves. I must have dropped it somewhere.He cant have said something like that. “I cant find my bag anywhere.” “You may have left it in the shop.”1. -Bradford graduated from college with honors at a very young age.-He _ have been an outstanding student.A mustB couldC shouldD might2. -They are supp
12、osed to arrive at six, but there is still no sign of them-Something unexpected _ to them.A might happen B must have happenedC would have happenedD could happen3. The street are all wet. It _ during the night.A must be rainingB must have rainedC had rainedD must rain非谓语动词：非谓语动词：1. 动名词: doing 1）这些词后面接
13、动名词： busy, keep, feel like, avoid, cant help, practise, suggest, finish, mind,介词， Its no use / good, Its useless / worth, spend time (in) doing sth. 2）not doing: Not understanding what he meant, I asked him to explain.2. 不定式 to do : It takes sb. + time + to do It cost sb.+ money + to buy 1）这些词后接不定式：
14、expect, manage, allow, decide, happen, plan, pretend, promise, agree 2 ） not to do： He promised not to tell lies any more. He decided not to wait any longer. 3）look, watch, see, notice, let, make, have, hear, feel 后省略to I saw her enter the building. I wont let him do that kind of thing again.3. to d
15、o 与 doing 的区别： forget / remember / regret to do (要做的事) doing （已经做过的事）stop to do （开始） doing （停止）try to do （努力、尽力） doing （尝试）mean to do （企图，打算） doing （意味着）want to do（想要） doing （需要） The classroom building wants / needs painting.see sb. to do doing4. 分词1. doing 与 done 的区别 1）时间 Dont disturb the sleeping
16、baby. boiling water / boiled water 2) 主动与被动 I found his writing something then. I am reading the novel written by Mark Twain. The problems mentioned will be solved soon. The sea water contains nearly all kinds of natural elements known. While waiting for the bus, he met a friend he had not seen for years. Waited for a long time, he apologized to the others.1. Mary saw her son _ the piano when she came to the room. A playingB play C playedD to play2. _ the TV tower at night, the city looks even m
