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1、Respiratory virusesRespiratory viruses 问题呼吸道病毒感染呼吸道病毒种类流感病毒(Influenza Virus)生物学性状n80-120 nmn8 Structural proteins:uGlycoproteinsvHA (H1-H15)vNA (N1-N9)uM1, M2u8 nucleocapsid segmentsvRNA, NP, PB1, PB2, PAnHA-attachment to receptors,initiationnNA-degradation of receptors, release主要抗原结构核糖核蛋白(RNP)血凝素(H
2、emagglutinin, HA)神经氨酸酶(Neuraminidase, NA)抗原变异机制Influenza pandemics associated with antigenic shiftEpidemicwhere do “new” HA and NA come from?where do “new” HA and NA come from?why do we not have influenza B pandemics? 致病性Influenza natural course微生物学诊断Specimens: throat swabs, NPS, nasal aspirates, sp
3、utumCulture: conventional, rapidDirect detection (EIA, IF, PCR)Serologic response: 4-fold or greater rise in IgG titers预防金刚烷胺NA Inhibitor副粘病毒(Paramyxoviruses) 副粘病毒共同性状 麻疹病毒(Measles Virus)viremiaMEASLES - Kopliks spotsMurray et al. Medical Microbiology Kopliks spotsMEASLES - RASHCDC - B.RiceMurray et
4、 al. Medical Microbiology 副流感病毒呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)Respiratory Syncytial VirusMumps virus(腮腺炎病毒)(腮腺炎病毒)腮腺炎病毒(Mumps virus)发现史型别与分组致病性腺病毒引起的主要疾病swimming pool conjunctivitis免疫性微生物学诊断预防风疹病毒(Ruella virus)Rhinovirus(鼻病毒)(鼻病毒)冠状病毒 Coronavirus,CoV重症急性呼吸综合症冠状病毒SARS Coronavirus, SARS CoVSARS症状生物学性状SARS GenomeSARS传播和流行中国的SARS流行诊断预防Reovirus(呼肠孤病毒呼肠孤病毒)