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1、美国名人网球运动员阿瑟阿什ArthurAshe:TennisChampionandCivilRightsActivistplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:47repeatByVivianChakarian2005-9-17(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mBarbaraKlein.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmerica,inVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutthelifeoftennischampionArthurAshe.Hewasanathleteandasocialactivistw
2、hodiedbeforehewasfifty.Hewashonoredforhisbraveryandhonestyaswellashisstrongsupportofjustcauses.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteenseventy-five,ArthurAsheplayedagainstIlieNastaseintheMasterstennisgamesinStockholm,Sweden.Nastasewasoutofcontrol.Hedelayedthegame.HecalledAshebadnames.Finally,ArthurAsheputdownhist
3、ennisracketandwalkedoffthetenniscourt.Hesaid,Tvehadenough.matthepointwheremafraidlllosecontrol.Theofficialswereshocked;Ashewaswinningthegame.Oneofficialtoldhimhewouldloseifhewalkedoutofthegame.Ashesaid,Idontcare.dratherlosethatthanmyself-respect.,Thenextday,theMasterscommitteemet.Theyknewthatiftheyg
4、avethegametoNastaseztheywouldbesupportinghiskindofactions.Theyfeltitwashowyouplayedthegamethatreallycounted.So,theofficialsdecideditwasNastasewhomustlosethegame.(MUSIC)ArthurAshewasborninnineteenforty-threeinthesoutherncityofRichmond,Virginia.HisparentswereMattieCunninghamAsheandArthurAshezSenior.In
5、thosedays,blackpeopleandwhitepeoplelivedseparatelyintheSouth.Bylaw,African-Americanscouldnotattendthesameschoolsorthesamechurchesaswhitepeople.Arthurlearnedtolivewithracialseparation.Heattendedanall-blackschool.Heplayedintheareaskeptseparateforblacks.Andwhenhetraveledtohisgrandmothershouse,hesatinth
6、ebackofthebusbehindawhiteline.Onlywhitepeoplecouldsitinthefrontpartofthebus.Tenniswasasporttraditionallyplayedbywhitepeople.Arthursexperiencewasdifferentfrommostothertennisplayers.Hegrewupunderpoorerconditions.Hisfatherworkedseveraljobsatthesametime.Andhismotherdiedwhenhewassix.VOICEONE:MisterAsheta
7、ughthissontheimportanceofleadinganhonorablelife.Hesaidapersondoesnotgetanywhereinlifebymakingenemies.Heexplainedthatapersongainsbyhelpingothers.ArthurAshe,Seniortaughthissontheimportanceofhisfriends,hisfamilyandhishistory.Hesaidthatwithouthisgoodname,hewouldbenothing.Byexample,Arthursfathertaughtthe
8、importanceofhardwork.Hisjobwastodrivepeoplewheretheywantedtogo.Andhedidotherkindsofjobsforseveralwealthyfamilies.VOICETWO:WhenArthurwasfour,hisfatherwasgivenresponsibilityforapublicplayareacalledBrookField.ItwasthelargestplayareaforblackpeopleinthecityofRichmond.MisterAshecontinuedtoworkathisotherjo
9、bsaswell.Thefamilymovedintoafive-roomhouseinthemiddleofthepark.ArthurcouldusetheswimmingPooI,basketballcourts,baseballfieldsandtenniscourtsinthepark.Helikedsports.Hewasnotverybig,buthewasfast.Arthurbeganplayingtenniswhenhewassevenyearsold.Hewasverysmall.Theracketheusedtohitthetennisballseemedbiggert
10、hanhewas.Butbythetimehewasthirteenyearsold,hewaswinningagainstplayerstwotimeshissizeandage.Arthurhadgreatenergyandsenseofpurpose.Hewouldhitfivehundredtennisballseachsummerdayearlyinthemorning.Hewouldstoptoeathismorningmeal.Thenhewouldhitfivehundredmoretennisballs.WhenArthurwastenyearsold,hemetRobert
11、WalterJohnson.DoctorJohnsonestablishedatenniscampforblackchildrenwhowerenotpermittedtoplayontenniscourtsforwhites.DoctorJohnsonhelpedArthurlearntobecalmwhileplayingtennis.Hetaughthimtouserestraint.Hesaidthatangeratanopponentwasawasteofenergy.Bynineteensixty,ArthurhadwontheNationalJuniorIndoorChampio
12、nship.And,theUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesofferedhimacollegeeducationifheplayedfortheUCLAtennisteam.Innineteensixty-five,ArthurAsheledtheteamtotheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociationchampionship.Hecompletedhiseducationthenextyearwithadegreeinbusinessadministration.VOICETWO:ArthurAshethenbecame
13、aprofessionaltennisplayer.Innineteensixty-eight,hewontheUnitedStatesOpen.ItwasthefirsttimeanAfrican-Americanmanhadwononeofthefourmajorcompetitionsintennis.Innineteenseventy,hewontheAustralianOpen.Thenextyear;hewontheFrenchOpenDoublesChampionshipwithMartyRiessen.And,innineteenseventy-five,hewontheWim
14、bledonSinglesChampionshipinEngland.Twotimeshewasnamedthenumberonetennisplayerintheworld.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Throughouthislife,ArthurAshefoughtagainstsocialinjustice.Hesupportedracialequalityandtriedtobringblacksandwhitestogether.Innineteenseventy-three,Ashewasthefirstblackplayertobeinvitedtocompeteinthe
15、SouthAfricanOpen.Atthetime,SouthAfricanlawsseparatedpeoplebyrace.Asheknewwhyhewasinvited.HeknewthattheSouthAfricangovernmentwastryingtochangeitsimagesoitcouldtakepartintheOlympicGames.Heagreedtogo,butonhisownterms.Heplayedbeforearaciallymixedgroup.And,hewentwhereverhepleasedandsaidwhathewanted.VOICE
16、TWO:ArthurAshewentbacktoSouthAfricamanytimes.Hewentnotonlytofightagainstthesystemofracialseparation.Hewenttoshowtheoppressedchildrenofthecountrythathewasasuccessfulblackman.FormerSouthAfricanPresidentNelsonMandelaspenttwenty-sevenyearsinprison.Afterhisrelease,thefirstpersonMandelaaskedtoseeduringhisvisittotheUnitedStateswasArthurAshe.VOICEONE:Asheusedhisfametohelpincreasepublicknowledgeof
