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1、美国名人音乐教育家伦纳德伯恩斯坦1.eonardBernstein:Composer;Conductor,PianistandTeacherplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:28repeatByJeriIynWatson2005-8-6(MUSIC)ANNCR:WelcometoPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,RichKleinfeldtandSarahLongtellaboutthelifeandworkofoneofthemostinfluentialmusiciansofthetwentiethcentury-L
2、eonardBernstein.(MUSIC)ThismusicwaswrittenbyLeonardBernstein.HecomposeditfortheopeningoftheJohnF.KennedyCenterforthePerformingArtsinWashington,D.C.zinnineteenseventy-one.VOICETWO:1.eonardBernsteinlivedfromnineteen-eighteenuntilnineteen-ninety.Duringhisseventy-twoyearshewasoneofAmericasmosthard-worki
3、ngmusicians.Hewasacomposer,conductor;pianistandteacher.Hewrotebothseriousclassicalmusicandlightpopularmusic.HewasmusicaldirectoroftheNewYorkPhilharmonicOrchestraformorethantenyears.Heoftenplayedthepianowhileleadinganorchestraatthesametime.Hetaughtmanyothermusicians.And,heappearedontelevisionprograms
4、andwrotebookstohelppeople-especiallychildren-learnaboutmusic.VOICEONE:1.eonardBernsteinwasborninLawrence,Massachusetts,onAugusttwenty-fifth,nineteen-eighteen.HisparentswereJewsfromRussia.TheymetandmarriedintheUnitedStates.Leonarddemonstratedearlyinlifethathehadspecialabilitiesinmusic.Hisfather,howev
5、er,didnotbelievehissoncouldsupporthimselfasamusician.TheolderBernsteincontinuallyadvisedagainstit.1.uckily,hissonrejectedthisadvice.LeonardstudiedmusicatHarvardUniversityandtheCurtisInstituteinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.HespentsummersatafamousmusiccenterinMassachusettscalledTanglewood.Therehestudiedc
6、onductingwithtwomajormusiciansofourtime-SergeKoussevitskyandFritzReiner.LaterLeonardBernsteinwouldreturntoTanglewoodtoteachalmosteverysummerofhislife.VOICETWO:Innineteenforty-three,LeonardBernsteinbecameassistantconductoroftheNewYorkPhilharmonicOrchestra.InNovemberofthatyear,NewYorkPhilharmoniccondu
7、ctorBrunoWalterbecamesickcouldnotconductanimportantconcert.MisterBernsteinwascalledtoleadtheorchestraverysoonbeforetheevent.Hehadlittletimetoprepare.Still,hedidsowellthattheNewYorkTimesnewspaperpublishedastorypraisinghiseffort.Thestoryappearedonthefrontpagethedayaftertheconcert.Afterthat,LeonardBern
8、steinwasinvitedtoconductconcertsofalmosteverymajorAmericanorchestra.Innineteenfifty-eight,hebecamemusicaldirectoroftheNewYorkPhilharmonic.HewasthefirstAmericantoholdthatposition.Criticssaidthewell-knownorchestrabecameevenbetterunderhisleadership.HewasthemainconductorofthePhilharmonicuntilheresignedi
9、nnineteen-sixty-seven.VOICEONE:1.eonardBernsteinbecameinvolvedinmanymoreprojectsafterleavingtheNewYorkPhilharmonic.Peoplesaidhewaslikeapowerfuloceanstorm.Heseemedtolivehiswholelifeinahurry.MisterBernsteintraveledaroundtheworldtoactasguestconductorofmanyorchestras.Hewrotemusicandtaughtmusic.Athome,he
10、andhiswife,ChileanactressFeliciaMontealegrezwereraisingtheirthreechildren.Theirhomewasagatheringplaceforsomeofthemostinfluentialartists,musiciansandwritersintheUnitedStates.VOICETWO:Astheyearspassed,LeonardBernsteinsmanymusicalskillsmadehimknownaroundtheworld.Hewonhighpraiseasapianist.Listennowashep
11、laysPianoSonatabyhisfriendAaronCopland.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:CriticssayBernsteinwrotesomeofhisbestworkinhisearlyyears.HewroteSymphonyNumberTwo,theAgeofAnxietyinnineteenforty-ninewhenhewasaboutthirty.MusicalexpertssaythepiececapturesthesoundsofAmerica.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThatpiecewasamongseverallargeworksLeona
12、rdBernsteinwroteforsymphonyorchestrasovertheyears.HecomposedseveralsymphoniesthatdemonstratehisdeepinterestinhisJewishreligion.MisterBernsteinwroteothermajorclassicalworksthroughtheyearsforalargegroupofsingersandanorchestra.Healsocomposedoperasandballetmusic.Manypeoplethinktheseclassicalworksarenota
13、sgreatassomeofhismusicalplaysforBroadwaysuchasOntheTown,WonderfulTownandCandide.SomemusiccriticssayCandideisthebestmusicLeonardBernsteineverwrote.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Themusical,WestSideStory,isconsideredLeonardBernsteinsmostfamouswork.ItopenedonBroadwayinNewYorkCityinnineteenfifty-seven.Itstillisbeingpe
14、rformedallovertheworld.TheshowtellsastorysimilartoRomeoandJuliet/thefamousplaybyWilliamShakespeare.StephenSondheimwrotethewordstotheBernsteinmusic.WestSideStoryguaranteedLeonardBernsteinaspecialplaceinAmericanmusicaltheater.HeretenorLarryKertsingsMaria,oneofthemostbeautifulsongsfromWestSideStory.(MU
15、SIC)VOICETWO:1.eonardBernsteinworkedforthreeyearsonMasszATheaterPieceforSingersPlayersandDancerstobeperformedattheKennedyCenteropening.Two-hundredpeopleareinthishugework.ItsnamecomesfromthereligiousserviceoftheRomanCatholicChurch.ThestorytellsofayoungmanwholoseshisbeliefinGod.,MassistheclosestMister
16、BernsteinevercametojoiningthestylesofBroadwayandclassicalmusic.Itcontainsrockmusiczbluesmusic,andreligiousmusic.VOICEONE:Throughouthislife,LeonardBernsteinwasinvolvedwithsocialissuesaswellasmusic.HesupportedthecivilrightsmovementandopposedtheVietnamWar.HeconductedconcertstoraisemoneyforAIDSresearch.Inhislateryears,hewantedtowritesomethingthatheknewwouldberememberedalways.Buth
