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1、Industrialtechnologyandequipmentmodernizationofthenationaleconomyasawholeisdeterminedbythelevelanddegreeofmodernization,CNCequipmentisthedevelopmentofnewtechnologyandcutting-edgeindustriesandhigh-techindustries(suchasinformationtechnologyanditsrelatedindustriesBiotechnologyandrelatedindustries,aviat
2、ion,aerospaceandotherdefenseindustries)enablingtechnologyandthebasicequipment.NCwidelyusedintheworldtodaymanufacturingtechnology,toincreasemanufacturingcapacity,enhancetheabilitytoadapttodynamicmarketchangesandcompetitiveability.BesidesthedevelopedindustrialworldwillNCNCequipmentandtechnologyasthest
3、rategiccommodities,nottakensignificantstepstodevelopitsowndigitaltechnologyanditsrelatedindustriesinthehigh-techNCkeytechnologyandequipmenttoChinaspolicyofclosuresandrestrictions.Inshort,numericalcontroltechnologyatthecoreofeffortstodevelopadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyhasbecometheworldsdevelopedco
4、untriestoaccelerateeconomicdevelopment,improveouroverallnationalstrengthandanimportantwaytostatehood.NCtechnologyistheuseofdigitalinformationtothemechanicalandprocesscontroltechnology,NCNCtechnologyequipmentisrepresentedbythenewtechnologiesontraditionalmanufacturingindustriesandtheformationofthepene
5、trationofnewmanufacturingmachineryandelectronicsproducts,theso-calleddigitalequipment,technologycovermanyareas:(1)MachineryManufacturingTechnology;(2)informationprocessing,processing,transmissiontechnology;(3)controltechnology;(4)servodrivetechnology;(5)sensortechnology;(6)softwaretechnology.装备工业的技术
6、水平和现代化程度决定着整个国民经济的水平和现代化程度，数控技术及装备是发展新兴高新技术产业和尖端工业(如信息技术及其产业、生物技术及其产业、航空、航天等国防工业产业)的使能技术和最基本的装备。当今世界各国制造业广泛采用数控技术，以提高制造能力和水平，提高对动态多变市场的适应能力和竞争能力。此外世界上各工业发达国家还将数控技术及数控装备列为国家的战略物资，不仅采取重大措施来发展自己的数控技术及其产业，而且在“高精尖”数控关键技术和装备方面对我国实行封锁和限制政策。总之，大力发展以数控技术为核心的先进制造技术已成为世界各发达国家加速经济发展、提高综合国力和国家地位的重要途径。数控技术是用数字信息对
7、机械运动和工作过程进行控制的技术，数控装备是以数控技术为代表的新技术对传统制造产业和新兴制造业的渗透形成的机电一体化产品，即所谓的数字化装备，其技术范围覆盖很多领域：（1）机械制造技术；（2）信息处理、加工、传输技术；（3）自动控制技术；（4）伺服驱动技术；（5）传感器技术；（6）软件技术等。1 NCTechnologyTrends1数控技术的发展趋势NCtechnologyapplicationsnotonlybringaboutarevolutionarychangetothetraditionalmanufacturingindustries,themanufacturingindust
8、ryhasbecomeasymbolofindustrialization.Withthecontinuousdevelopmentandapplicationofnumericalcontroltechnologyfieldsexpanded,andsomeimportantsectorsofthenationaleconomy（IT.automobiles,lightindustry,healthcare,etc.）areplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinthedevelopment.Becausethesebusinesseshavemoderndi
9、gitalequipmentneededbythegeneraltrendofdevelopment.NCtechnologyandequipmentfromtheworldsdevelopmenttrends,itsmainfocusisthefollowing:数控技术的应用不但给传统制造业带来了革命性的变化，使制造业成为工业化的象征，而且随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大，他对国计民生的一些重要行业（IT、汽车、轻工、医疗等）的发展起着越来越重要的作用，因为这些行业所需装备的数字化已是现代发展的大趋势。从目前世界上数控技术及其装备发展的趋势来看，其主要研究热点有以下几个方面：1.1
10、speed,thenewtrendofhigh-finishingtechnologyandequipment1.1 高速、高精加工技术及装备的新趋势Efficiency,andqualityisthemainadvancedmanufacturingtechnology.High-speed,high-finishingtechnologiescangreatlyenhanceourefficiency,improveproductqualityandgrades.shortenproductioncyclesandimprovetheircompetitivenessonthemarket
11、.Japanwillenditstiptechnologyasoneofthefivemajormodernmanufacturingtechnology.InternationalInstituteofproduction（52th）willbeidentifiedasoneoftheResearchCenterforthe21stcentury.Recently,theoveralluseofalargealuminumalloybilletsemptiedthesolutiontothewing.largefuselagepartstoalargenumberofpartstorepla
12、cerivets,screwsandotherCONNECTIONSassembled.makecomponentstrength,stiffnessandreliabilityimproved.Alloftheprocessingequipmentandhigh-speed,high-precisionandhighflexibilityrequirements.HannoverExpofromthecase,thehighspeedprocessingcenterswillbetospeedupstiffness,orevenhigher,operatingspeedofupto100m/
13、minairaround.ReliabilityandMTBFvaluesabroadNCdevicehasmorethan6copper,30000hservosystemMTBFvaluereachedmorethandemonstratedveryhighreliability.Inordertoachievehigh-speed,high-finishing,ancillarycomponentssuchasthespindle,therapiddevelopmentofalinearmotor,Applicationswillcontinuetoexpand.效率、质量是先进制造技术
14、的主体。高速、高精加工技术可极大地提高效率，提高产品的质量和档次，缩短生产周期和提高市场竞争能力。为此日本先端技术研究会将其列为5大现代制造技术之一，国际生产工程学会(CIRP)将其确定为21世纪的中心研究方向之一。近来采用大型整体铝合金坯料“掏空”的方法来制造机翼、机身等大型零件来替代多个零件通过众多的钾钉、螺钉和其他联结方式拼装，使构件的强度、刚度和可靠性得到提高。这些都对加工装备提出了高速、高精和高柔性的要求。从EMO2001展会情况来看，高速加工中心进给速度可达80mmin,甚至更高，空运行速度可达IOommin左右。在可靠性方面，国外数控装置的MTBF值已达6OOOh以上，伺服系统的
15、MTBF值达到30000h以上，表现出非常高的可靠性。为了实现高速、高精加工，与之配套的功能部件如电主轴、直线电机得到了快速的发展，应用领域进一步扩大。1.2 5-axismachiningmachinetoolandtherapiddevelopment1.2 5轴联动加工和复合加工机床快速发展Using5-axismachiningof3Dcomponents,thebestavailabletoolforcuttinggeometrynotonlyfinishhigh,butalsogreatlyincreaseefficiency.Generallybelievedthatone5-a
16、xismachineefficiencycanmean2,3-axismachinetools,particularlytheuseofcubicboronnitrideandothersuperhardmaterialsforhigh-speedmillingofhardenedsteelcutterparts,5-axismachiningformorethanthree-axismachiningefficiency.Butforthepastfive-axisCNCsystemmainframecomplexreasons,theirpricesseveraltimeshigherthanthe3-axisCNCmachinetools,plusprogrammingtechniquesratherdifficult,constrainingthedevelopmentofafive-axismachinetools.Atpresent,duetoaspindle,enabling5-axismachinings
