《SARS triggered a public health issue of fiscal spending.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《SARS triggered a public health issue of fiscal spending.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在第壹文秘上搜索。
1、SARStriggeredapublichealthissueoffiscalspendingSAKStriggeredapublichealthissueoffiscalspendingBeginsattheendof2002andin2003,aftertheSpringFestivalinGuangdongandotherareasalarge-scaleoutbreakofSARSepidemiconChinasgovernmentisaseveretest.InthefightagainstSRSintheprocessofgovernmentfootthebillthedecisi
2、on-making,thatis,toprovidefinancialguaranteesbytheGovernmentinthecrisisplayedareassuring,rapidtreatmentoftheeffectontheeffectivecontroloftheepidemichasplayedanindispensablerole.So,fromafinancialperspective,wecanforthisgovernmentpaycostsandbenefitsofanaccountbalance,analysisofChinasSARScrisis,thefina
3、ncialexpendituretobringthefieldofthinking.ResponsetoSARScrisis,thefinancialexpenditures(totalcostofthecrisis)-Centralandlocalfinancialemergenciesthathaveoccurredinemergencyspendingevenaftervariousefforts,theepidemichasbeeneffectivelycontrolled,butthefinancesarealsopaidahugecosttodothis,thecentraland
4、localgovernmentsinrespondingtothisincidentinTunisiaFatincidentsexpenditureexceededthecostofanypreviousStateCounci1ofsuddenpublichealthincidentstoestablishemergencyresponsemechanismtotherequirementsofspecialfundsallocated310millionyuanforthefirstphaseofemergencyresponsemechanismsforfundingtheconstruc
5、tionofthefirstdate,asofMay14,theCentralandlocalgovernmentstocombatSARS,atotalof12.6billionfunds,morethanthreeyearsfron1999to2001thesumofdisasterreliefexpenditures.scanbeseenfromtheabovedata,thecentralandlocalgovernmentsintheSARScrisis,emergenciesexpenditureisenormous.Inourcountrysbudgetarrangementst
6、odealwithsuddenincidentsbudgetexpenditureshastwosubjects:First,thecentralfinanceandlocalfinancialreservefund,andsecond,includedinthepensionandsocialwelfarereliefpaymentsunderthedisasterreliefexpenditures.Chinascentralgovernmentbudgetfor2003,arrangedthegeneralreservefundof10billion,thisspent2billion(
7、notincludingtheofficialfromthecentraltolocalSARSpreventionandtreatmentforthetransferofexpenses),belongstothelargesteverone-timeexpenditureoftime.Atal1levelsoflocalgovernmentexpenditureisaboutmorethan80billionyuanovertheextentofeconomicconditionsandtheepidemicvary.-Taxreductionandexemptionofthefeewai
8、verformoffiscalexpendituresinceMay9,thecentralandlocalgovernmentsissuedaseriesoftaxreliefpoliciesandmeasures,whichalsoconstitutealargetaxexpenditureandfinancialoffee-basedexpenditures,areductioninrevenuethisyear,thenumberofreality,accordingtolastyearsfinancialchargesandtaxrevenueestimates,thespendin
9、gbillionsofdollarsadozen,oramount.Asfollows:May9,theStateCouncildecidedtoMay1,2003unti1September30,2003,foragreaterimpactbySARSdining,hotels,entertainment,civilaviation,tourism,roadpassengertransport,waterwaypassengertransport,taxi,etc.thereductioninadministrativeservicefees,and15governmentalfunds.T
10、hese15funds,theincomeofthecentralpartofal1thefree:arelocalrevenue,thespecificreductionratebythelocalGovernment.May11,theStateCouncildecidedtobeadirectimpactontheepidemicmoreprominentpartoftheindustryintheMay1,2003toSeptember30periodtoimplementpreferentialtaxationpolicies.Ofcivi1aviationandtourism,pa
11、ssengertransportoperationsshal1beexemptedfrombusinesstax,urbanmaintenanceandconstructiontax,educationfee.Inaddition,theprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesaccordingtothelocalepidemicandtheimpactonrelatedindustriestheactualsituationofproductionandoperationoftheimplementationofpreferentialtaxp
12、oliciesareasfollows:Forthecateringindustry,hotelindustry,reduction,exemption,orstrictattentiontobusinesstax,urbanmaintenanceandconstructiontax,educationexpensesattached.Personalincomctaxexemptionfortaxidriversorreducethelevyquota.Fortaxicompaniesandreductionofurbanpublictransportcompanies,exemptedor
13、deferrablesalestax,urbanmaintenanceandconstructiontax,educationfee.BeforeandaftertheStateDepartmentspoliciessupportingvariouspartsoftheotherpolicieshavegraduallybeenintroduced.IncludingBeijing,Shanghai,GuangdongandHangzhou,thepolicyismoretypical,includingfirst-1inehealthcareworkersandtaxiindustry,pe
14、rsonalincometaxexemption:onhotels,restaurants,businessservicespartofthetouristnatureofadministrativefeesandoperatingfeewaiver;raisingtheexporttaxrebatesubsidyratio;increasefinancialsupportformedicalreserveforce;tocashflowdifficultiesofthetourism,catering,entertainmentSMEloanguaranteeforshort-termliq
15、uiditysupport;adjustedtransportation,tourism,entertainmenttaxfees,adozentaxpreferentialpolicies.-Asthemacro-economicslowdown(GDPgrowthrateofdecrease)causedbyhiddenfinancialexpenditureprojections,accordingtoeconomists,Chinasmacro-economicslowdowningrowthisdetermined.Optimisticallyspeaking,wi11drop0.2
16、-0.5percentagepoints,pessimisticalIyspeaking,maydecrease12percentagepoints.Judgingfromthecurrentsituation,althoughthefirstfourmonthsthisyear,Chinastaxrevenueincreasedby30%,reaching727billionyuan,afigureequivalentto1.89trillionyuanlastyearstotaltaxrevenueof38.46%.Butthefirst-quarterrevenuehasgrownrapidlyandeconomicgrowth,taxcutswouldbeoffsetbydecline.AccordingtotheStateAdministrationofTaxationestimatesthattheimpactofeconomicslowdown,taxrevenuethisyearmaybereducedby300billionyuan(U.S.ind
