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1、第一章绪论7、某点的经度为118。45，试计算它所在6。带及3。带的带号，以及中央子午线的经度是多少？答：N=INT(11845/6+1)=20L=20*6-3=117on=INT(118o45/3+1)=401=40*3=120第二章水准测量1、设A为后视点，B为前视点；A点高程是20.016m。当后视读数为1.124m,前视读数为L428m,问A、B两点高差是多少？B点比A点高还是低？B点的高程是多少？并绘图说明。答：l=1.124-1.428=-O.3O4Hb=20.016-0.304=19.712wB点比A点低7、调整表2-3中附合路线等外水准测量观测成果，并求出各点的高程。=61.8
2、19-57.967=3.852mEhB=4.363+2.413-3.121+1.263+2.716-3.715=3.919wfh=3.919-3.852=0.067mfh=127+3+4+5+6+8=68wnH1=H4+/1,+v1=57.9674.363+-00677=62.316mIA1I33H,=H1+v0=62.316+2.413+-00673=64.723/n2-233H3=H2+3+v3=64.723-3.121+4=61.594wH4=H3+v4=61.594+1.263+-675=62.847wH5=H4+5+v5=62.847+2.716+676=65.55IwH6=H5+6
3、+v6=65.551-3.715+三8=61.820/?8、调整图2-40所示的闭合水准路线的观测成果，并求出各点的高程。fh=h=1.224-1.424+1.781-1.7140.108=-0.025mmfh=12108+8+ll12=84mmH1=H10+1+v1=44.330+1.224+10=45.559wH2=H1+v2=45.5591.424+x8=44.139M49H3=H2+z3+v3=44.139+1.781+8=45.924zH4=H3+A4+v4=45.924-1.714+ll=44.216nH10=H4+A5+v5=44.216+0.108+12=44.330n10、设
4、A、B两点相距80m,水准仪安置于中点C,测得A点尺上读数a1=l.321m,B点尺上的读数b1=l.117m；仪器搬至B点附近，又测得B点尺上的读数b2=L466n,A点尺上读数a2=L695m。试问该仪器水准管轴是否平行于视准轴？如不平行，应如何校正？%=1.321-1.117=0.204？%,=1.695-1.466=0.229？%b*%4=1.466+0.204=1.67Om水准管轴和视准轴不平行。校正方法：调节微倾螺旋使读数为1.670m,调节管水准器一端的调节螺旋使水准管气泡居中。第三章角度测量5、整理表3-5测回法观测水平角的记录手簿。水平角观测记录（测回法）测站盘位目标读数半测
5、回角值平均角值备注0左A00200120162412016122440wB1201824右A18002061201600B3001806第四章距离测量和直线定向3、用钢尺丈量AB、CD两段距离，AB往测为232.355m,返测为232.340m；CD段往测为145.682m,返测为145.690叽两段距离丈量精度是否相同？为什么？两段丈量结果各为多少？Dar=232.355-232.340=0.015mDab=(232.355+232.340)/2=232.348w1_D_0.015_K-KJ-232.34815400ADCD=145.682-145.690=-0.008Dcd=(145.68
6、2+145.690)/2=145.686m1D0.0081KDcd145.686182007、已知A点的磁偏角为西偏21，过A点的真子午线与中央子午线的收敛角为+3,直线AB的坐标方位角a=64。20,，求AB直线的真方位角与磁方位角。A=a+=64o20,+3=64o23zAw=A-=64o23,-(-2)=64o44,第六章测量误差的基本理论5、函数z=zr2,其中z=x+2y,z2=2-y,X和y相互独立，其m1=my=m,求叫。z=z1z2=x+2y+2x-y=3x+ytn.=y9m2x+mj=yWm6、进行三角高程测量，按h=Dtan计算高差，已知=20,Ina=1,D=250m,I
7、nD=0.13m,求高差中误差fflh。mh=(tana)2w+(Dsec2a)2m1=J(tan20)20.132+(250sec220)2(60-)2V206265=0.094机7、用经纬仪观测某角共8个测回，结果如下：5632,13,5632z2,563217,5632,14,5632z19,5632,23,5632,21,5632,18,试求该角最或是值及其中误差。X=B=563218.25nV=X-/v1=5.25v2=-2.75v3=1.25v4=4.25v5=1.25v6=4.75,%=-2.75,也=0.258、用水准仪测量A、B两点高差9次，得下列结果(以In为单位)：L25
8、3,1.250,1.248,1.252,1.249,1.247,1.250,1.249,1.251,试求A、B两点高差的最或是值及其中误差。1.253+1.250+1.248+1.252+1.249+1.247+1.250+1.249+1.251八X=.25079v1=-0.003w,v2=Sn,v3=0.002m,v4=-0.002zn,v5=0.00tn,v6=0.003m,v7=0m,v8=0.00lm,v9=-0.00mmx=-j=0.6346如Wln9、用经纬仪测水平角，一测回的中误差m=+15,欲使测角精度达到m=5,需观测几个测回？第七章控制测量3、已知A点坐标XA=437.62
9、0,yA=721.324；B点坐标x=239.460,y三=196.450o求AB之方位角及边长。4=196.450-721.324=-524.874n,X=239,460-437.620=-198.1640,X0-524874aAB=180+arctan=180+690l859.6=249ol859.6-198.16Dab=561.035m4、闭合导线1-2-3-4-5-1的已知数据及观测数据列入表7-30,计算各导线点的坐标。f=87o512ff+150o20,12*+l25o06,42ff87029,12+89l342-(5-2)l80o=8705112-12=875OO*,2=1502
10、012-12=1502000=125o06,42*r-12ff=125o06r30*=87029,12ff-12ff=87o29W;=891342-12=891330%=126o45W23=12+180o-=126o45W+180o-150o20W=156o25,00*4,=%3+180-,y=156o25W+180-125o0630ff=21IoI830*a45=a34+180o-=21lol8,30ff+180-87o29,00*=303o49,30ff51=a45+180o-凤=303o49,30ff+180o-891330=343600a12=a51+180-;=34o36W+180o
11、-87o500zr=126o4500X12=D12CoSal2=-64.386,12=D12Sina已=86.223X23=D23COSa23=-66.390,K23=D23sina23=28.982X34=Dy4CoSa34=-153.721,AL4=。34Sina34=-93.494X45=D45COSa45=99.853,匕$=D45sincr45=-149.018X51=D51cosa51=184.794,Y51=D51sina51=127.481/=-64.386-66.390-153.721+99.853+184.794=0.15fy=86.223+28.982-93.494-14
12、9.018+127.481=0.174f=+=0.152+0.1742=0.230IJ=0230_11Kr-D763.8533002000X1,2=X12+-D12=-64.386-107.61=-64.4071212D12763.85-f0174K1;=K2+-Di2=86.223一一:107.61=86.198,2,2ZD12763.85%23=-66.404,K2r3=28.965,X=-153.756,;=-93.535,X：5=99.818,Ay4;=-149.059,X；1=184,750,5,1=127.430,X2=X1+X；2=500-64.407=435.593Y2=Y+K
13、12=500+86.198=586.198X3=369.189,Y3=615.163,X4=215.433,Y4=521.628,X5=315.25l,y5=372,569,X1=500.001,K1=499.9995、附合导线的已知数据及观测数据列入表7-31,计算附合导线各点的坐标。f=aAB-aCD+4x80-=54ff=120o30,14ff,/?;=212o15W,=1451013,设=170o19z0al=4+180-,ft=042946a12=721402,%c=1070349,s=1164448Xl=Dbicosal=297.26XCOSlo42946=-74.408肛A。1=
14、287.797,X12=57.307,K12=178.853,X2c=-27.407,Kzc=89.288,fx=-74.408+57.307-27.407-(155.37-200.00)=0.122mJy=-0.122m/=0.173,D=297.26+187.81+93.40=578.471/1D-33002000f0122X=Xi+上XDRl=-74.408:297.26=-74.47lw,r=287.860见例Md例578.47例X1,2=57.267w,F12=178.893w,X;c=-27.427w,c=89.308wX1=X+X；1=200.00-74.471=125.529*=487.860,X2=182.796/n,Y2=666.753m,Xc=155.369m,Y2=756.061m,第八章大比例尺地形图测绘4、某地的纬度=3410,经度=10850,试求该地区划1：1000000、1：1000001：100OO这三种图幅的图号。答：1-49,1-49-62,1-49-62-(30)5、用视距测量的方
