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1、P5.1.Foreachproblem,restateeachBooleanequationintoaformsuchthatitcanbetranslatedintothepandn-complexofaCMOSgate.a. OUf=ABC+BD=ABC+BD=(A+C)(+D)b. Owr=AB+AC+BC=AB+AC+BC=(A+B)(a+C)(B+C)c. Out=A+B+CD+A=AB(C+D)+A=A+B+CD+A=A+B+CD)AP5.2.P5.3.First,converttheequationintoitspandn-complex.Out=(AB)C+BC=(A耳+AB)
2、C+BC=(A8+AB)C+BC=(AB+A)c)(c)=(AB+AB)+c)(bc)=(AB+A+C)(+C)P5.4.Thetruthtableisgivenbelowintermsofvoltages.ThefunctionisF=ABABF00Vdd0Vdd0VDD00VddVdd0TheworsecaseVohisVddandtheworsecaseVolis0V.a. The Vol for the pseudo-NMOS (in 0.18m) is:y _/$17_ lSa TCQXWp (匕;5尸一I 匕7)d = kN (Vdd-Vtn) =Vgsp-tp + EcpLpVS
3、ATWPLN (VDD MPI)P5.5.ThefirstcircuitisaNORgatewhilethesecondisaNANDgate.TheVolandVoncalculatedarefortheworst-casescenario.Tofindthis,assumeonlyonetransistorturnson,thisjustreducestoapseudo-NMOS/PMOSinverter,sotheothertransistorsarenotimportant.NMN(%/)-MpI+ECPLP)(yl)DV77v)v%Ljv(VDO_l%l)0VMMN-MpI+%A)(
4、%-L)=DDW=B0T/I)2VddAjv(VDo-MPl+ECPLP)(Vdd-Vtn)(8IO6)(0.2104)(0.2104)(1.8-0.5)2_-0.1(1.8)(270)(1.8-0.5+24(0.2)(1.8-0.5)-014m-14Sincetheminimumwidthis2yWemakethatthewidth.TheVohforthepseudo-PMOS(in0.18m)is:In(sat)=Ip(Iin)VSArCOXWN(VGSN_VTNy_4pG)X%(匕GPT/)%)PL)VGSN-VTN+ECNLNLN(1+7)%rrC叱V(Vj)Q-V77v)2MP%C
5、WP(匕)”一一MJ)(%/)一/)一叫)Vdd-V+EcnLnlJ1+)0.2(104)(8x106)(1.8-0,5)2(70)(1.8-0,5)(0.18)-j1.8- 0.5+1.27(l+)Wp4.2%Thepseudo-PMOScircuitwillhavebiggerdevicesthanthepseudo-NMOS.P5.6.Thestepstosolvingthisquestionarethesameasthepseudo-NMOSquestioninChapter4.a. ForVoH,recognizethatVgs=Vforoperationsotheoutputcan
6、onlybeashighasVdd-V.SinceVs0,bodyeffectmustbetakenintoaccountandthefullequationis:oh=VDL(吟。+Y(yJVsB+2以一J2j)=%-(%+y(府前-网耐)=1.2-(.4+0.2(jb+0.88-5网)IterationproducesVoh=0.73V.b. ForVol,wemustfirstrecognizethattheworst-caseVoloccurswhenonlyoneofthepull-downtransistorsison.Nextweidentifytheregionsofopera
7、tionofthetransistors.Inthiscase,thepull-uptransistorisalwaysinsaturationandthepull-downismostlikelyinthelinearregionsinceitwillhaveahighinput(highVgs)andalowoutput(lowVds).Then,weequatethetwocurrentstogetherandsolveforVol:I1(sat)=I2(Iiri)“NG(%)2WWZGX(%f警)入%51-ri+ECNL&(1+r)(0.13)(104 )(8106)(1.2-7l-
8、0.42)2(1.2-0.42) + 0.6(1)(270)(1.2-0.4-).l(1+)Usingaprogrammablecalculatororaspreadsheetprogram,Vol=0.205V.Thedecurrentwiththeoutputlowis:_%MvCt9(%S2-n2-t22)%S2DL邙诲_(1)(270)(1.610-6)(1.2-0.4-空)(0.205)二=46.5AThepowerwiththeoutputlowis:P=IdsVdd=(46.5A)(1.2V)=55.8WP5.7.SeeExample5.2whichisbasedontheNAN
9、Dgate.ThisquestionisthesameexceptthatitaddressestheNORgate.Withbothinputstiedtogether,Wn=SAWp=8d-N+_1.8-0.5+(2)(0.5)_U/Vl+z1+2IntheSPICEsolution,thereasonwhytheresultsvaryforinpulAandBisduetobody-effect.P5.8.Thesolutionisshownbelow.Noticethatthereisnorelevancewiththelengthsandwidthsofthetransistorsw
10、henitcomestoVoh,althoughtheythedomatterwhencalculatingVol.1.=%F=1.80.5+0.31.8+0.88-(88)=2.5IVP5.9.Forfpm,weneedtosizethepull-upPMOSappropriately.IPLH=07RC=7R%pCLCADW%=0.7%今GaW=O.7(3Om)肃Ij(100xIOF)=842ForVol:=1.08mAG(Lf)2(4.2x10)(8x106)Mx1(T6)(l2-(U)?Vg5-.+EcpL1.2-0.4+(24)(0.1).WNMVeo(%-粤)二(270)(1.6x
11、10Y)(1.20.4-岑)0.1S一L,(+r)l1WUZ/=38.5=11%=3x774=2324(3stack)%=1554(2stack)1.ZP5.10.Thecircuitisshownbelow:p-complex(dualofn)PLli07RC=REQPCLOADw,=0.7%P-LCLOAD=0.7(30103)(50,7)(7510-5)=634tpHL=RC-07REQNT7CLOAD10,5) = 26.6272W=07n*。皿=07(1Z5x103)(75Becausethenumberoftransistorsinseriesismorethanone,wemus
12、tmultiplythewidthsbytheappropriatenumber.Here,alltheNMOStransistorswillhaveawidthof54A.ThePMOStransistorswillhavewidthsof1262and190A,respectively.P5.11.Weestimatethedepoweranddynamicswitchingpowerforthisproblem.a. Thecircuit,sdepowercanbecomputedbycomputingthedecurrentwhentheoutputislow.Thisisgivenb
13、yIds=550uAu11iX0.1um=55uA.ThenPdc=66uWwhentheoutputislow.b. ItsdynamicpowercanbecalculatedbysimplyusingtheequationPdxn=aCVDf.Therefore,Pdy11=(50fF)(Vdd-Vtn)(Vdd)(100MHz)=4.4uW.P5.12.Thepseudo-NMOSinverterhasstaticcurrentwhentheoutputislow.Wecanestimateitas:,.(Sm=3-J=(。“2(8Xw(I6*)(L2-04)2=25VGS-VT+Ec
14、pL1.2-0.4+(24)(0.1)ThentheaveragestaticpowerisPstat=(25.6uA)(1.2)/2=15.4uW.ThedynamicpowerisPi=CVDDVswingfavg=(50fF)(1.2)(1.1)favgassumingthatVolisO.IV.FortheCMOSinverter,thestaticpowerisalmostzero:PSIal=ISubVDD.Itisfarlessthanthepseudo-NMOScase.ThedynamicpowerPdyn=CVDiyswingfairg=(50fF)(1.2)2favgis
15、slightlylargerthanthepseudo-NMOScase.Pseudo-NMOSP5.13.Modeldevelopmenttocomputesc.P5.14.Theenergydeliveredbythevoltagesourceis:0000JVDDEsource=igw=vddcl号dt=dvc=CMoOGo0000VDD/2纥即=Jia)y=jG力=CJUH%=G-OOGOZAscanbeseen,onlyhalftheenergyisstoredinthecapacitor.Theotherhalfwasdissipatedasheatthroughtheresistor.P5.15.Theaveragedynamicpowerdoesnotdepen
