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1、AprogrammablegainamplifierTornBuckmaster1,t,LindaLugani2,andGuoqiWang2(Pleasemarkwf,aftertheCorrespondingauthor),InstituteofSemiconductors,ChineseAcademyofSciences,BeijingIooo83,China2InstituteofMicroelectronics,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,ChinaAbstract:Abroadbandprogrammablegainamplifierwithan
2、improveddelaylinestructurebyacalibrationalgorithmhasbeendesignedtoconquerPVTvariations.Theamplifierisimplementedin0.13mCMOStechnology.Measurementresultsshowthattheproposedstructurewiththecalibrationalgorithmcanevidentlyimprovethelinearityandresolutionofthedelayline.Thedelayresolutionis2psandtherootm
3、eansquarejitterofthedelayis4.71ps,leadingtoanerrorvectormagnitudeenhancementof1.32dB.(Theabstractisaconcise(shortandclear)summaryofyourwork.Itshouldclearlystatetheproblem,themethodsused,themainresults,andtheconclusions,andshouldnotincludecitationsandformulas.)Keywords:CMOStechnology;amplifier;integr
4、atedcircuits(3-6setsofkeywordsareneeded)1. Introduction(TimesNewRoman,wordsize:14)Programmablegainamplifiers(PGA)U2,retjleessentialblocksinthemajorityofcommunicationsystemsinordertooptimizethedynamicrangeofthesystem13-61.(TimesNewRoman9wordsize:12)2. ConventionallowgainPGAarchitecturesFig.1showsthem
5、easuredandsimulatedSparameters.Fig.1.(Coloronline)ThemeasuredandsimulatedSparameters.Theaxislabelsshouldbegivenintheformof4tvariable(unit).tCorrespondenceto:D.Buckmaster.Email:buckmaster(Correspondingauthor)3. SchematicdesignoftheproposedPGA3.1. CircuitdesignThelinearityofthedelaylineisdefinedasthed
6、eviationofdelayfromtheidealdelaycurvewhenthecontrolcodeincreaseswithastepofone.ThedelaylinestructureproposedinthispaperisshowninFigure2;wetakethedelaylinestructurefromReference5Jasacontrast.Thetransferfunctionisgivenas匕”_A4匕，s2+2ns+;(1)3.2. GainamplifiercircuitdesignTable1showsthecomparisonwithother
7、recentlypublishedPGA.Table1.ComparisonwithotherpublishedPGA.ParameterReference7Reference101ThisworkTechnology90nmCMOS13()nmCMOS130nmCMOSResolutionofdelayline(ps)4.205.602.(X)RMSjitterofdelayline(ps)9.3311.324.71EVM(dB)-29.81-29.53-30.85ACPRrequirementsMetMetMet4. ConclusionThelinearityandresolutiono
8、fthedelaylinehasagreateffectonthetransmitterperformance.Inordertoovercomethebottleneckoflowlinearityandlowresolution,animproveddelaylinestructureisproposedwithacalibrationalgorithmtoconquerPVTvariationsforthisall-digitaldesign.Measurementresultsshowthattheproposedstructurewiththecalibrationalgorithm
9、canevidentlyimprovethelinearityandresolutionofthedelayline.Acknowledgments(Optional),Thescientificcontributionsfromotherpeopleorgroupsareacknowledgedhere.Financialsupportsaregivenhere.AppendixA.Supplementarymaterial(Optional)Supplementarydataassociatedwiththisarticlecanbefound,intheonlineversion,ath
10、ttps:/doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/40/1/*References1 CuiJ,ChenL,KangCL,etal.Ahigh-linearityInGaP/GaAsHBTpoweramplifierforIEEE802.1lan.JSemicond,2013,34(6):065(X)l(Journal)13 HurJ,KimH,LeeO,etal.Multi-levelLINCtransmitterwithnon-isolatedpowercombiner.ElectronLett,2013,49(25):1624(Journal)14 1.azaviB.Des
11、ignofintegratedcircuitsforopticalcommunications.Boston:McGraw-Hill,2003(Book)15 YooSJ,RavindranA,IsmailM.AlowvoltageCMOStransresistance-basedvariablegainamplifier.IEEEInternationalSymposiumonCircuitsandSystems,2004:809(Conferencepublication)16 GuoZY.Opticalreadoutinfraredimagingsystematroomtemperatu
12、re.PhDDissertation,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,2005(inChinese)(Dissertation)17 SatoK.Multi-wavelengthsemiconductorlaserarrayhavingphase-shiftstructures.USAPatent,US6088374,1998(Patent)18 Eachreferenceitemshouldcontainoneandonlyonepublication;19 Referencesmustbenumberedintheorderthattheya
13、ppearinthemaintext; Allauthorsofapublicationshouldbelisted,omissionisnotallowedunlesstherearemorethanthreeofthem;etal.shouldbeusedinthelatercaseafterthe3rdauthortoomittheothers. Normally,atleast15referencesshouldbeprovided,amongwhichatleast10referencesshouldbepublishedinthepast5years.Lixiu Zhang got
14、 her BS from Soochow University in 2019. Now she is a PhD student at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences under the supervision of Prof. Liming Ding. Her research focuses on organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells.NEWCHANGE(1):ShortBioalongwithIDphotoforthefirstauthorandcorrespondingauth
15、orarerequiredandwouldbeaddedattheendofthepapersinceJanuaryIssue2021.Itisoptionalfortheotherauthors.Thesampleisattached.YongboYuangothisBSdegreein2004andPhDdegreein2009atZhongshanUniversity.ThenhejoinedJinsongHuangGroupatUniversityofNebraska-Lincolnasapostdoc.InMarch2016,hejoinedCentralSouthUniversityasafullprofessor.Hisresearchinterestsincludeper。VSkite/polymersolarcells,organicthin-filmtransistorsandphotodetectors.NEWCHANGE(2):Theoriginalfiguresandimagesprovidedbytheauthorswouldbeuseddirectlyinthefull-textHTMLfileandPDFfile.Eachfigureandimageshouldbeenoughclearandhasnoweakportion.Preferredfo
