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1、SolarpanelPhotovoltaicpanel目录Principleofpowergeneration2Materials2Advantagesanddisadvantages5Appliciation6Summary8Reference9PrincipleofpowergenerationThebasicprincipleofphotovoltaicpowergenerationisthephotovoltaiceffect.Whenaphotonhitsametal,itsenergycanbeabsorbedbyanelectroninthemetal,andtheenergya
2、bsorbedbytheelectronisenoughtoovercometheinternalgravityofthemetaltodoworkandescapefromthemetalsurfaceasaphotoelectron.Photogeneratingvolteffect,referredtoasphotovoltaiceffect.Referstothelightcausedbyunevensemiconductororsemiconductorandmetalbondingbetweendifferentpartsofthephenomenonofpotentialdiff
3、erence.Firstly,photons(lightwaves)areconvertedintoelectrons,andlightenergyisconvertedintoelectricenergy.Thesecondistheprocessofformingvoltage.Withvoltage,itislikebuildingadam,andifthetwoareconnected,acircuitofcurrentwillbeformed.Photovoltaicpowergeneration,itsbasicprincipleisthephotovoltaiceffect.Th
4、esolarexpert'sjobistofinishthejobofmakingthevoltage.Solarcells,whichconvertelectricMaterialsPolysiliconsolarcells.TheproductionprocessofpolycrystallinesiliconsolarcellisSimilartothatofmonocrystallinesiliconsolarcell,butthephotoelectricconversionefficiencyofpolycrystallinesiliconsolarcellismuchl
5、ower,itsphotoelectricconversionefficiencyisabout12%(Theworld'shighestefficiencypolycrystallinesiIiconsolarcellwith14.8%efficiencylaunchedbySharpinJapanonJuly1,2004).Intermsofproductioncost,itischeaperthanmonocrystallinesiliconsolarcells,thematerialissimpletomanufacture,savespowerconsumption,and
6、thetotalproductioncostislow,soithasbeendevelopedinlargequantities.Inaddition,theservicelifeofpolysiliconsolarcellsisshorterthanthatofmonocrystallinesolarcells.Theproductionofpolysiliconsolarcellsneedstoconsumealargenumberofhighpuritysiliconmaterials,andthemanufacturingprocessofthesematerialsiscompli
7、cated,andthepowerconsumptionisveryhigh,whichhasexceeMonocrystallinesiliconsolarcell.Atpresent,thephotoelectricconversionefficiencyofsinglecrystalsiliconsolarcellsisabout15%,withthehighestreaching24%,whichisthehighestphotoelectricconversionefficiencyofallkindsofsolarcellsatpresent.TheteChnologyisalso
8、themostsophisticatedbutissoexpensivetoproducethatitisnotyetwidelyandwidelyusedinlargenumbers.Asmonocrystallinesiliconisgenerallypackagedwithtemperedglassandwaterproofresin,itisrobustanddurable,anditsservicelifecangenerallyreach15years,upto25years.Singlecrystalsiliconsolarcellisoneofthemostrapidlydev
9、elopedsolarcells,itsconstructionandproductionprocesshasbeenfinalized,productshavebeenwidelyusedinspaceandground.Thesolarcellismadeofhighpuritysinglecrystalsiliconrod.Inordertoreducetheproductioncost,solarcellsandothergroundapplicationsarenowusingsolargradesinglecrystalsiliconrods,materialperformance
10、indicatorshavebeenrelaxed.CharacteristicsCrystallinesiliconisthemostimportantphotovoltaicmaterial,whichischaracterizedbygrayblacksolidwithmetallicluster,highmeltingpoint,highhardness,brittleness,andlowchemicalactivityatroomtemperature.Itsmarketshareismorethan90%,anditwillstillbethemainstreammaterial
11、ofsolarceIlsforalongtimeinthefuture.Monocrystallinesiliconhasthephysicalpropertiesofquasimetalsandweakconductivity.Itsconductivityincreaseswiththeincreaseoftemperature,andithasremarkablesemiconductivity.Ultra-puremonocrystallinesiliconisanintrinsicsemiconductor.Ap-typesiliconsemiconductorcanbeformed
12、bydopingatraceamountofIIIAgroupelements,suchasboron,intoultrapuresinglecrystalsilicon.Forexample,theadditionofatraceamountofVAelements,suchasphosphorusorarsenicjcanalsoimprovetheconductivityandformn-typesiliconsemiconductors.AdvantagesanddisadvantagesAdvantagesNodangerofdepletion;safeandreliable,non
13、oise,nopollutionemissions,absoluteclean;notrestrictedbythedistributionofresources,cantakeadvantageoftheadvantagesofthebuildingroof;forexample,inareaswithoutelectricity,aswellasinareaswithcomplexterrain;localpowergenerationwithouttheneedforfuelconsumptionandtransmissionlines;highenergyquality;andemot
14、ionalacceptancebyusers;theconstructioncycleisshort,andthetimetakentoobtainenergyisshort.DisadvantagesTheproductionofsolarpanelshasthecharacteristicsofhighpollution,highenergyconsumption,theradiationofenergydistributiondensityissmall,thatistooccupyahugearea;theenergyobtainedisrelatedtoweatherconditio
15、nssuchasfourseasons,dayandnight,andsunnyandcloudy;atpresent,comparedwiththermalpowergeneration,thegenerationopportunitycostishigh;photovoltaicpanelmanufacturingprocessisnotenvironmentallyfriendly.AppliciationFisherlightcomplementaryphotovoltaicpowergenerationFishinglightcomplementary,asthenameimplie
16、s,needfishing,andlighf.Fisheryandlightcomplementaryistoinstallphotovoltaicpowergenerationpanelsonthefisheryaquaculture,andconductaquacultureworkunderthephotovoltaicpowergenerationpanels.Thisisthenewphotovoltaicapplicationmodeofabovecangenerateelectricity,belowcanbefarmed.Thebenefitsofsuchafarmingmodelareenormous.Fromthepointofviewofthefarmers,thephotovoltaicpanelscaneffectivelyblockoutthesun
