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1、umfrJrfWDecodingtheEUAlActUnderstandingtheAlAct,simpactandhowyoucanrespondKPMG.MaketheDifference.KPMGInternationalContents07ExecutivesummaryExaminingtheAlAcfsimpactandscopeUnravellingtheAlAcfskeycomponentsNextstepsIntroductionArtificial Intelligence (AI) is offering new benefits to society and busin
2、esses, aiming to transform the workplace and major industries along the way.Simply put, the race is on to embrace the remarkable and evolving power of Al and automation.AsKPMGsGlobalTeChReDOrt2023reveals,mostglobalexecutives(62percent)reportanincreaseinperformanceorprofitabilityfromdigitaltransforma
3、tioninitiativesrelatedtoAlandmachinelearningoverthepast24months.And68percentsaythesetechnologieswillplaya*vital,roleinhelpingthemachievetheirbusinessobjectivesoverthenextthreeyears,while57percentbelieveAlandmachinelearningwillbeimportant*inmeetingshort-termobjectives.ButastheworldwideAlproliferation
4、inbusinessandoreverydaylivesunfolds,thereisacriticalneedforguardrailsandlegislationtodealwithsignificantnewrisksregardingtheappropriateandethicaluse,developmentanddistributionofAl.AccordingtoTnJStinartificialintellience,aglobalsurveyconductedbyKPMGAustraliaandtheUniversityofQueensland,threeinfivepeo
5、plearewaryabouttrustingAlsystems,and71percentexpectAltoberegulated.Morerecently,CEOsfromglobaltechgiantscalledforgreaterAlregulationatameetingonCapitolHilltoprotectpeoplefromtheworsteffectsofAl.Inresponse,theEuropeanUnion(EU)hasreachedaground-breakingprovisionalagreementonacomprehensiveArtificialInt
6、elligenceAct(AlAct)thattakesarisk-basedapproachtoprotectingfundamentalrights,democracy,theruleoflawandenvironmentalsustainability.iThoughitsexpectedtobecomelawin2024,withcomplianceexpectedby2025,thislegislationthefirstofitskindisanticipatedtoemergeasthede-factonewglobalstandardforAlregulation.Withth
7、eintroductionoftheAlAct,theEUaimstostrikeabalancebetweenfosteringAladoptionandensuringindividualsrighttoresponsible,ethicalandtrustworthyuseofAl.Inthispaper,weexplorewhattheAlActmaymeantoyourorganizationandexaminethestructureoftheAlAct,theobligationsitimposes,thetimelinesforcomplianceandtheactionpla
8、nthatorganizationsshouldconsider.OrganizationalleadershipshoulddriveinitiativesinlinewiththeAlAct,companybrand,valuesandrisktolerancetopromoteresponsibleuseofAl.Thiscanhelppromoteethicaldevelopment,regulatorycompliance,riskmitigationandstakeholdertrust.，DavidRowlandsGlobalAlLeaderKPMGInternationalAl
9、shouldbedevelopedandusedwithafocusonsafetyandethics,turningtechnologicaladvancementintoapositiveforceforsociety.TheEUAlActwillhelpfosterinnovationwhileprotectingend-users.，1.aurentGobbiGlobalTrustedAlLeaderKPMGInternationaliEuropeanParliament.(December9,2023).ArtificialIntelligenceAct:dealoncomprehe
10、nsiverulesfortrustworthyAlPressrelease.ExecutivesummaryTheAlActaimstoregulatetheethicaluseofAlAlholdsimmensepromisetoexpandthehorizonofwhatisachievableandtoimpacttheworldforourbenefit-butmanagingAsrisksandpotentialknownandunknownnegativeconsequenceswillbecritical.TheAlActissettobefinalizedin2024anda
11、imstoensurethatAlsystemsaresafe,respectfundamentalrights,fosterAlinvestment,improvegovernance,andencourageaharmonizedsingleEUmarketforAl.MostAlsystemsneedtocomplywiththeAlActbythefirsthalfof2026TheAlActsdefinitionofAlisanticipatedtobebroadandincludevarioustechnologiesandsystems.Asaresult,organizatio
12、nsarelikelytobesignificantlyimpactedbytheAlAct.Mostoftheobligationsareexpectedtotakeeffectinearly2026.However,prohibitedAlsystemswillhavetobephasedoutsixmonthsaftertheAlActcomesintoforce.Therulesforgoverninggeneral-purposeAlareexpectedtoapplyinearly2025.2Providersandusersofhigh-riskAlsystemsfacestri
13、ngentobligationsTheAlActappliesarisk-basedapproach,dividingAlsystemsintodifferentrisklevels:unacceptable,high,limitedandminimalrisk.3High-riskAlsystemsarepermittedbutsubjecttothemoststringentobligations.Theseobligationswillaffectnotonlyusersbutalsoso-calledprovidersofAlsystems.Theterm,provider,inthe
14、AlActcoversdevelopingbodiesofAlsystems,includingorganizationsthatdevelopAlsystemsforstrictlyinternaluse.Itisimportanttoknowthatanorganizationcanbebothauserandaprovider.Providerswilllikelyneedtoensurecompliancewithstrictstandardsconcerningriskmanagement,dataquality,transparency,humanoversight,androbu
15、stness.UsersareresponsibleforoperatingtheseAlsystemswithintheAlActslegalboundariesandaccordingtotheprovidersspecificinstructions.Thisincludesobligationsontheintendedpurposeandusecases,datahandling,humanoversightandmonitoring.GuardrailsforgeneralAlsystemsNewprovisionshavebeenaddedtoaddresstherecentad
16、vancementsingeneral-purposeAl(GPAI)models,includinglargegenerativeAlmodels.”ThesemodelscanbeusedforavarietyoftasksandcanbeintegratedintoalargenumberofAlsystems,includinghigh-risksystems,andareincreasinglybecomingthebasisformanyAlsystemsintheEU.ToaccountforthewiderangeoftasksAlsystemscanaccomplishandtherapidexpans
