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1、AfterenteringWTOandsomeeconomicIntegrationorganizations,whatadvantagesanddisadvantageswillChinaconfrontwith?After15yearsofnegotiation,andmakingmaximumconcessionstoWTOmembers.ChinaeventualtygainedaccessiontotheWTOin11thDecember2001.TheChineseeconomyisnowsubjecttotherues-basedsystemoftheWTO1enhancinge
2、conomiccompetitionandcreatingamoreopenenvironmentfortradeandforeigninvestment.NowwewilltalkabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesthatChinawillconfrontwithafterenteringWTO.Advantages:1. Chinasbroadmmitmentsinstreamliningsubsidies,liftingpricecontrols,providingeffectivejuridicalprocedures,makingtransparen
3、tthedecisionmakingprocess,allowinggreaterparticipationoftheprivatesectorineconomicactivities,willassistgreatlyChinastransitionfromastillheavilyregulatedeconomytoarues-basedmarketeconomy.AlltherulesandregulationoftheintegrationorganizationlikeWTOwhicharenegativetoregulatedeconomycountrywillalsourgeCh
4、inatoreformandchangetomarketeconomytogainmorebenefitthroughworldtrade.2. ChinasaccessiontotheWTOandotherintegrationorganizationmeansapplicationofclearandcrediblerulesinChinascommercialrelationshipwithotherWTOmembers,itwillmeanmoreexternaltrade,andexternaltradeofabetterquality.Therewillbesubstantialt
5、a11ffreductionsamongChinasexistingtradingpartnersandtherewillbeaccesstomoretradingpartnersforChina.ThismeansmorepredictableandstablecommercialrelationshipwithChinastradingpartners.3. Chinawillbecuttingitstariffsonabroadrangeofproducts,fromagriculturaltoindustrial.Tariffreductionsallowcomparativeadva
6、ntagegreaterplay.Thetaskwasnotalwayseasybutthroughoutthispe11odwehaveseenChina,inimplementingthetermsofitsaccessiontotheWTO.progressivelyloweritstariffs,phase-outnon-tariffmeasuresandreducerestrictionsontradeinservices.Intradeingoods.Chinassimpleaveragetariffratedroppedfrom42.9percentin1992to10.4per
7、centatthebeginningof2004.ThecuttingofIarrtfsandthecancelingofkindsofrestrictionofimportwillbringmorebothindustrialandagriculturalproductstoChinawithmuchlowerprice,throughwhichincreasethewelfareofChineseconsumers.4. IncreasedforeigncompetitionintheareasabovewillforceChineseenterprisestospeeduptheirre
8、formstomeetthechallenges.Fromalargerandlongerperspective,furthereconomicliberalizationandintegrationintotheglobaleconomywillundoubtedlybeastimulustoregulatory,institutionalandculturalchangewithinChineseenterprises.Withoutparticipatinginintegrationorganization,thespeedofreformandimprovementofChinesee
9、nterpriseswillbemuchslower.Especially,itwillhelpthedevelopmentandimprovingtheCompetivenessofChineseserviceindustry.Theboundarybetv/eenthemanufactureandserviceindustriesisbecomeincreasinglyvague,asmanufacturers,especiallyindevelopedcountries,combinemoreserviceswiththeirproducts.ChinaisnowataCritiCalp
10、haseamjeconomicglobalization,agreatopportunitytodevelopitsownserviceindustryandtransferservicesandproductsfromhighquantitytohighvalue.5. MoreforeigncompaniesstreamingintoChina,whichnotonlyhelpingsimulateChineseeconomyandtechnology,butalsoprovidingahugesumofjobopportunities,which,inasense,willrelease
11、theunemploymentproblemofChina.AndalsoconnectingtotheWOridwillbringChinamoreinternationaltalents,theyincludestudentsstudyoverseaandforeignprofessorswhoarejustneededintodaysChina.6. ItimprovestheoverallenvironmentinwhichChinaseconomyoperatesandInwhichChinasforeigntradeisconducted.Someanalystsexpectcer
12、tainsector-specificbenefits,e.g.,possibleincreaseoftextilesandapparelexportsduetotheapplicationofquotaeliminationandincreasedquotagrowthforChinabyrestrainingcountries;apossiblerushofforeigninvestmentsintoChina,thusboostingemploymentandeconomicgrowth.7. HongKong.Macao,MainlandChinaandTaiwanhaveentere
13、dWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)oneafteranotherinaccordancewiththeWTOprovisionsonmembership.Asituationofonecountry,fourseatsinWTOhasemerged.Therelationsamongthe-fourseatsinonecountryarenotonlycharacterizedbyequalmembershipwithinWTO.butalsobydifferentcustomsregionswithinasovereignState.Itisarguedthatthe,
14、onecountry.fourseats”situationreflectsthelatestdevelopmentofinternationallaw,enhancestheawarenessofthe,0neChina,PrinapleininternationalCommunrty.andprovidesnewopportunitiesforMainlandChina,HongKong.MacaoandTaiwantoestablishclosereconomicandtraderelationsamongthemselves.Thegeneralview,nevertheless,is
15、thatWTOentrywillmeangrowth,integrationandglobalizationforthemainlandseconomy.Disadvantages:Ofcourse,injoiningtheWTO,Chinawillbothenjoyitsduerightsandundertakecorrespondingduties,thiswillunavoidablybringcertainpressureandchallengetous.1. Furtheropeningthemarketwillcausesomedomesticproducts,enterprise
16、sandindustriestofacemoreintensecompetition.AfteritsprojectedentryintotheWTO.ChinamustobserveWTOstipulationsonopeningthemarket,thiswillformcertainpressureonthespeedandstepsofouropeningthemarket.Alongwiththeexpansioninmarketaccess,thereductionoftariffsandtheabolitionof11on-tariffmeasures,moreforeignproducts,servicesandinvestmentswillpossiblyenterChinesemarkets,domesticenterpriseswillfacefiercercompetition.2. Chinasforeigneconomicandtrademanagementwill,
