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1、代代 词词 ( pron.)代词人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词疑问代词主格宾格形容词性名词性不定代词this that these those who whom whose what which 普通不定代词复合不定代词一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清 分类分类人称、作用人称、作用人称代词人称代词物主代词物主代词反身代词反身代词主格主格宾格宾格形容词性形容词性名词性名词性第一人称第一人称单数单数Imemyminemyself复数复数weusouroursourselves第二人称第二人称单数单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数复数
2、youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称第三人称单数单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves作用作用主语主语宾语、表语宾语、表语定语定语主语、表语、主语、表语、宾语宾语宾语、表语、宾语、表语、同位语同位语（一）人称代词的语序：（一）人称代词的语序：v单数形式：（二、三、一）单数形式：（二、三、一）v 即：即：you/ he/ Iv You, she and I all enjoy the music. v复数形式：（一、二、三）复数形式：（
3、一、二、三）v 即；即；we/ you/ they（二）、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词（二）、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词vThese books arent ours. Ours are new.v (our books = ours)vThis is not our room. Ours is over there. v (our room = ours)“of + +名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”表示所属表示所属 A sister of his is a nurse. 他的一个妹妹是个护士。他的一个妹妹是个护士。 Tom is a friend of mine 我的一个朋友我的一
4、个朋友1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him二、二、it的用法的用法vit既是宾格又可以做主格，有时也可以指人。既是宾格又可以做主格，有时也可以指人。v1. 代表前面提到过的事物。如：代表前面提到过的事物。如： My pen
5、is missing. I cant find it anywhere.v2. 用来指人，主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。用来指人，主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。 -Who is knocking at the door? -It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old.二、二、it的用法的用法v3. 表示时间、距离、天气等。如：表示时间、距离、天气等。如： It will be sunny tomorrow.v4. 作形式主语或者形式宾语。如：作形式主语或者形式宾语。如： I found it difficult to learn E
6、nglish well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.it 固定句型固定句型1. 做某事情对某人来说是做某事情对某人来说是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. It is hard for me to do this work.2. 轮到某人做轮到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. Its your turn to clean the room.3. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.Its time
7、 for you to do the homework.4. 据说 Its said that Its said that your teacher leave our school.5. 某人花费做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth.6. 自从以来，已经有（时间）了。 It is / has been + 时段时段 + since + 从句从句(过过去时去时)7. 某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 find sb. think feel+ it + adj. to do 1.I found _ very difficult to make progress
8、 in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going 三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法v定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾单数加词尾s
9、elf、复数加词尾、复数加词尾selves 构成，可用口构成，可用口诀简记如下：诀简记如下：v反身代词表自身，反身代词表自身，self与与selves单数、复分。单数、复分。 一、二人称形代后，第三人称改用宾。一、二人称形代后，第三人称改用宾。三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法v（一）作动词的宾语（一）作动词的宾语v反身代词可以与反身代词可以与enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等词等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。v1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yours
10、elf at the party last night?v2. help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点什么，后面可接随便吃点什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。 Help yourselves to some fruit, children.三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法v3. hurt oneself 伤着自己伤着自己 She didnt hurt herself.v4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自学自学 Did you teach yourself English
11、 ?= Did you learn English by yourself?v5. look after oneself 照顾自己照顾自己 I can look after myself well, thanks.三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法v6. say to oneself自言自语自言自语 Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”v7. come to oneself苏醒苏醒 Soon the lady came to herself.v8. make oneself + 过去分词，使自己被过去分词，使自己被别人别人 She did her
12、 best to make herself understood.v9. make yourself at home别客气，让别客气，让自己像在家一样自己像在家一样 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home.v10. lose oneself in沉浸于沉浸于陶醉陶醉于于 They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法v（二）（二） 反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语v1. by oneself = alone自己做自己做
13、She has done her homework by herself.v2. for oneself为自己为自己 She made the skirt for herself.v3. of oneself自然而然的、自动的自然而然的、自动的 The door opened of itself.v4. among themselves在他们中间在他们中间 They are discussing the matter among themselves.三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法v（三）作表语（三）作表语v反身代词可与反身代词可与be动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一动词或系动词连用，表示
14、或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。种感觉、情绪或状态。 The little boy was myself.v（四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名（四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。之后或句子末尾。v1. 作主语的同位语作主语的同位语 You will have to do it yourself. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.v2.作宾语的同位语作宾语的同位语 I will give the letter t
15、o your brother himself. Youd better ask Mary herself about it.1.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B.
16、 yourselves C. your四、指示代词四、指示代词this/ that/ these/ those单数单数复数复数用法用法1用法用法2thisthese近指近指指下文将要提及的事指下文将要提及的事thatthose远指远指指前面刚提过的事指前面刚提过的事v指示代词指示代词(this, that, these, those)在句中可在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语：作主语、宾语、表语、定语：vThis is yours and that is mine. vI like these and he likes those. vThese computers are cheap. vWhat I want to say is this. vthis 与与 that用法比较用法比较v1. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this：vShe married Jim, and this that surprised me. vI want to know thi
