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1、Lesson2SectionONE:Task1:FilmEditingInterviewer:IsfilmeditingaComplicatedjob?FilmEditor:Ohyes,alotofpeopleprobablydontknowhowcomplicatedajobitcanbe.It,sfarmorethanjuststickingpiecesoffilmtogether.Interviewer:Howlongdoesittaketoeditafilm?FilmEditor:Well,itdepends.Youcanprobablyexpecttoedita1O-minutefi
2、lminaboutaweek.A35-minutedocumentary,liketheoneImeditingatpresent,takesaminimumoffourtofiveweekstoedit.Interviewer:Canyouexplaintomehowfilmeditingworks?FilmEditor:Therearedifferentsteps.Synchingup,forexample.Interviewer:Whatdoyoumeanbysynchingup?FilmEditor:Itmeansmatchingsoundandpicturesandthatisusu
3、allydonebymyassistant.Thefilmandthesoundtapehavenumbersstampedalongtheedgewhichhavetobematched.Thedetailsofthefilmandthesoundarealsorecordedinalogbook,soitsquickandeasytofindaparticulartakeanditssoundtrack.Thisoperationiscalledloggingandisagaindonebymyassistant.Interviewer:Sowhatdoyouusuallydoyourse
4、lf?FilmEditor:Alotofthings,ofcourse.First,Ihavetoviewallthematerialtomakeafirstselectionofthebesttakes.Theresalotoffilmtolookthroughbecausetomakeasequenceworkthewayyouwant,youneedalotofshotstochoosefrom.Interviewer:Doesthatmeanthatyouhavetodiscardsequences?FilmEditor:Ohyes.Onaverageforeveryfootofedi
5、tedfilm,youneedtwelvetimesasmuchuneditedfilmandthereforeyouhavetocompromiseand,ofcourse,discardsomeofit.Interviewer:Whatdoyoudoafterselectingthematerial?FilmEditor:Firstofall,Iprepareaninitialversionofthefilm,aroughcutasitiscalled.ThatmeansthatIactuallycutthefilmintopiecesandstickthemtogetheragainin
6、theneworder.Interviewer:Andafterthisroughcut*whathappens?FilmEditor:Well,aftertheroughcutcomesthe,finecutwhenthefilmtakesitsfinalform.Theproducerand(hedirectorcomeinforaviewing.Somesmallchangesmaythenbenecessary,butwhenthefinecuthasbeenapprovedbyeveryone,thisisthefinalversionofthefilm.Interviewer:At
7、thispointisthefilmreadyfordistribution?FilmEditor:Ohno.Afterthefinalversionofthefilmhasbeenapproved,thereisthedubbing,therearevoices,music,backgroundnoisesandsometimesspecialeffectstobeputtogetherforthesoundtrack.Andafterthedubbing,theeditedfilmissenttothe,negcutters.Interviewer:Whatdothe,neg,cutter
8、sdo?FilmEditor:Theycuttheoriginalnegativesonthefilms,sothatthesematchtheeditedfilmexactly.AndafterallthatcomesthebestpartIcansitdownquietlywithmyfeetupandenjoywatchingthefilm!Man:Hi.Woman:Hi.Man:Whatdyoudolastnight?Woman:IwatchedTV.TherewasareallygoodmoviecalledSoylentGreen.Man:SoylentGreen?Woman:Ye
9、ah.CharltonHestonwasinit.Man:Whatsitabout?Woman:Oh,itsaboutlifeinNewYorkintheyear2022.Man:IwonderifNewYorkwillstillbeherein2022.Woman:Inthismovie,in2022.Man:Yeah?Woman:.NewYorkhasfortymillionpeople.Man:Ouch!Woman:Andtwentymillionofthemareunemployed.Man:HowmanypeopleliveinNewYorknow?Aboutsevenoreight
10、million?Woman:Yeah,Ithinkthat,sright.Man:Mm-hmm.Youknow,ifit,shardenoughtofindanapartmentnowinNewYorkCity,whatsitgoingtobelikein2022?Woman:Well,inthismoviemostpeoplehavenoapartment.Sothousandssleeponthestepsofbuildings.(Uh-huh.)Peoplewhodohaveaplacetolivehavetocrawloversleepingpeopletogetinside.Andt
11、hereareshortagesofeverything.Thesoilissopollutedthatnothingwillgrow.(Ooo.)Andtheairissopollutedtheyneverseethesun.Itsreallyawful.Man:IthinkmgoingtoavoidgoingtoNewYorkCityintheyear2022.Woman:Andtherewasthisscenewherethestar,CharltonHeston,goesintoahousewheresomeveryrichpeoplelive.Man:Uh-huh.Woman:Hec
12、an,tbelieveit,becausetheyhaverunningwaterandtheyhavesoap.Man:Really?Woman:Andthenhegoesintothekitchenandtheyhavetomatoesandlettuceandbeef.Healmostcriesbecausehe,sneverseenrealfoodinhislife,youknow,especiallythebeef.Itwasamazingforhim.Man:Well,ifmostpeoplehavenorealfood,whatdotheyeat?Woman:Theyeatsom
13、ethingcalledsoylent.Man:Soylent?Woman:Yeah.Theressoylentredandsoylentyellowandsoylentgreen.Thefirsttwoaremadeoutofsoybeans.Butthesoylentgreenismadeoutofoceanplants.(Ugh.)Thepeopleeatitlikecrackers.Thatsalltheyhavetoeat.Man:Thatsoundsdisgusting.Woman:Well,youknow,itreallyisn,tthatfarfromreality.Man:N
14、o?Woman:Yeah.Because,youknowthegreenhouseeffectthatsbeginningnowandheatinguptheearth.Man:Oh,yeah,Iveheardaboutthat.Woman:.becausewereputtingthepollutantsintheatmosphere,youknow?Man:Mm-hmm.Woman:Imean,inthismovieNewYorkhasninetydegreesweatherallyearlong.Anditcouldreallyhappen.Uh.likenow,we.wehavefuel
15、shortages.Andinthemoviethere,ssolittleelectricitythatpeoplehavetoridebicyclestomakeit.Man:Youknowsomething?Idon,tthinkthatmovieisatruepredictionofthefuture.Woman:Idontknow.Itscaresme.Ithinkitmightbe.Man:Really?Woman:Well,yeah.SectionTwo:Task1:AmericanIndiansThenativeAmericans,thepeoplewecalltheIndia
16、ns,hadbeeninAmericaformanythousandsofyearsbeforeChristopherColumbusarrivedin1492.ColumbusthoughthehadarrivedinIndia,sohecalledthenativepeopleIndians.TheIndianswerekindtotheearlysettlers.Theywerenotafraidofthemandtheywantedtohelpthem.Theyshowedthesettlersthenewworldaroundthem;theytaughtthemaboutthelocalcropslikesweetpotatoe
