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1、五年级简便运算(上册(朵朵)回忆四则运算定律,并举例说明加法交换律a+b=b+a例:7+8=8+7加法结合律乘法交换律乘法结合律(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)ab=ba例:(20+55)+45=20+(55+45)例:56=65abc=a(bc)例:625)4=6254)乘法安排律(a+b)c=ac+bc例:(25+125)8=258+1258例:2555+2545=25(55+45)乘法安排律的逆运算ac+bc=a+b)第一种:连乘一乘法3Vi.律的应用例题:54.3204.532涉及定律:乘法交换律ahc=acb基本方法:将分数相乘的因数相互交换,先行运尊.X其次种:乘法安排律的应用(5+
2、0.2)16例题:(10+0.1)27(0.5+5)X4涉及定律:乘法安排律(ab)c=acbc基本方法:将括号中相加减的两项分别与括号外的分数相乘,符号保持不变。第三种:乘法安排律的逆运算例题:0.5x3.2+4.8x05200.58+0.58800.87+0.27涉及定律:乘法安排律逆向定律ah+ac=a(bc)基本方法:提取两个乘式中共有的因数,将剩余的因数用加减相连,同时添加括号,先行运算。J第四种,添加因数“1”涉及定律:乘法安排律逆向运算基本方法:添加因数“1”,将其中一个数转化为IX的形式,将原式转化为两两之积相加减的形式,再提取公有因数,按乘法安排律逆向定律运算。练习10.16
3、.40.835.4X1.2.52.5X2.53.459.8+3.450.24127+429+574567+9821312.5678127-56-165.83-2.97-1.216.72-(4.68-1.28)98.76-4.5-0.26-5.51.7471.3(61.3-23.7)124.68+324.68+524.68+724.68+924.682.515.7412.54.682.5X32X0.125456X789123456X1237897.910.15.8X9.999X564.5X10.2327X2.817.3X287.8X0.9920.3X67O.77X46+7.75.412.534+
4、253318X222.2-666.63.6X31.4+43.9X6.495.67-3.5-0.78-6.5-3,2245.810.169.7+(48.4-19.7)0.88812.0.9+0.O1.5795.57955.975579.515.724+1.57X7602.8+29+7.2+21.97.8-(17.8+4.9)1251.64.830.2X4656O.9967.240-60.2406.4X1235.6X64+330X0.648.429-188.4-8.415.613.1-15.6-15.62.14.87.8+78O.52O.2516.24(1.25-0.125)83.61023201.2583.723.5+6.283.54.87.8+780.520.8100.118.769.9+18.763.522.50.456.59.9+56.518.769.9+18.763.522.50.43201.258O.791990.32X4032.41020.85199(2.5-0.25)0.4(1+0.1)+(2+0.12)+(3+0.13)+(99+0.1X99)+(100+0.1X100)0.1+0.3+0.9+0.11+0.13+0.15+0.97+0.99